/* GStreamer
 * Copyright (C) <2003> David A. Schleef <ds@schleef.org>
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Library General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the
 * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor,
 * Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
 */

/**
 * SECTION:gstvalue
 * @title: GstValue
 * @short_description: GValue implementations specific
 * to GStreamer
 *
 * GValue implementations specific to GStreamer.
 *
 * Note that operations on the same #GValue from multiple threads may lead to
 * undefined behaviour.
 */

/* Suppress warnings for GValueAraray */
#define GLIB_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#include "gst_private.h"
#include "glib-compat-private.h"
#include <gst/gst.h>
#include <gobject/gvaluecollector.h>
#include "gstutils.h"

/* GstValueUnionFunc:
 * @dest: a #GValue for the result
 * @value1: a #GValue operand
 * @value2: a #GValue operand
 *
 * Used by gst_value_union() to perform unification for a specific #GValue
 * type. Register a new implementation with gst_value_register_union_func().
 *
 * Returns: %TRUE if a union was successful
 */
typedef gboolean (*GstValueUnionFunc) (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2);

/* GstValueIntersectFunc:
 * @dest: (out caller-allocates): a #GValue for the result
 * @value1: a #GValue operand
 * @value2: a #GValue operand
 *
 * Used by gst_value_intersect() to perform intersection for a specific #GValue
 * type. If the intersection is non-empty, the result is
 * placed in @dest and %TRUE is returned.  If the intersection is
 * empty, @dest is unmodified and %FALSE is returned.
 * Register a new implementation with gst_value_register_intersect_func().
 *
 * Returns: %TRUE if the values can intersect
 */
typedef gboolean (*GstValueIntersectFunc) (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2);

/* GstValueSubtractFunc:
 * @dest: (out caller-allocates): a #GValue for the result
 * @minuend: a #GValue operand
 * @subtrahend: a #GValue operand
 *
 * Used by gst_value_subtract() to perform subtraction for a specific #GValue
 * type. Register a new implementation with gst_value_register_subtract_func().
 *
 * Returns: %TRUE if the subtraction is not empty
 */
typedef gboolean (*GstValueSubtractFunc) (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * minuend, const GValue * subtrahend);

static void gst_value_register_union_func (GType type1,
    GType type2, GstValueUnionFunc func);
static void gst_value_register_intersect_func (GType type1,
    GType type2, GstValueIntersectFunc func);
static void gst_value_register_subtract_func (GType minuend_type,
    GType subtrahend_type, GstValueSubtractFunc func);

static gboolean _priv_gst_value_parse_list (gchar * s, gchar ** after,
    GValue * value, GType type, GParamSpec * pspec);
static gboolean _priv_gst_value_parse_array (gchar * s, gchar ** after,
    GValue * value, GType type, GParamSpec * pspec);
static gboolean _priv_gst_value_parse_strv (const gchar * s,
    const gchar ** after, GValue * dest);

typedef struct _GstValueUnionInfo GstValueUnionInfo;
struct _GstValueUnionInfo
{
  GType type1;
  GType type2;
  GstValueUnionFunc func;
};

typedef struct _GstValueIntersectInfo GstValueIntersectInfo;
struct _GstValueIntersectInfo
{
  GType type1;
  GType type2;
  GstValueIntersectFunc func;
};

typedef struct _GstValueSubtractInfo GstValueSubtractInfo;
struct _GstValueSubtractInfo
{
  GType minuend;
  GType subtrahend;
  GstValueSubtractFunc func;
};

struct _GstFlagSetClass
{
  GTypeClass parent;
  GType flags_type;             /* Type of the GFlags this flagset carries (can be 0) */
};

typedef struct _GstFlagSetClass GstFlagSetClass;

typedef struct _GstValueAbbreviation GstValueAbbreviation;

struct _GstValueAbbreviation
{
  const gchar *type_name;
  GType type;
};

/* Actual internal implementation of "GstValueList" and
 * "GstValueArray" */
typedef struct _GstValueList GstValueList;

struct _GstValueList
{
  /* These 2 fields must remain the same so that they match the public
   * GArray structure (which was the former implementation) just in
   * case someone calls `gst_value_peek_pointer` to access the
   * array/list (such as in gststructure.c) */
  GValue *fields;
  guint len;

  guint allocated;
  GValue arr[1];
};

#define FUNDAMENTAL_TYPE_ID_MAX \
    (G_TYPE_FUNDAMENTAL_MAX >> G_TYPE_FUNDAMENTAL_SHIFT)
#define FUNDAMENTAL_TYPE_ID(type) \
    ((type) >> G_TYPE_FUNDAMENTAL_SHIFT)

#define VALUE_LIST_ARRAY(v) ((GstValueList *) (v)->data[0].v_pointer)
#define VALUE_LIST_SIZE(v) (VALUE_LIST_ARRAY(v)->len)
#define VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE(v, index) ((const GValue *) &(VALUE_LIST_ARRAY(v)->fields[index]))
#define VALUE_LIST_IS_USING_DYNAMIC_ARRAY(array) ((array)->fields != &(array)->arr[0])

static GArray *gst_value_table;
static GHashTable *gst_value_hash_table;
static GstValueTable *gst_value_tables_fundamental[FUNDAMENTAL_TYPE_ID_MAX + 1];
static GArray *gst_value_union_funcs;
static GArray *gst_value_intersect_funcs;
static GArray *gst_value_subtract_funcs;

/* Forward declarations */
static gchar *gst_value_serialize_fraction (const GValue * value);
static gint gst_value_compare_fraction (const GValue * value1,
    const GValue * value2);

static GstValueCompareFunc gst_value_get_compare_func (const GValue * value1);

static gchar *gst_string_wrap (const gchar * s);
static gchar *gst_string_unwrap (const gchar * s);

static void gst_value_move (GValue * dest, GValue * src);
static void _gst_value_list_append_and_take_value (GValue * value,
    GValue * append_value);
static void _gst_value_array_append_and_take_value (GValue * value,
    GValue * append_value);

static inline GstValueTable *
gst_value_hash_lookup_type (GType type)
{
  if (G_LIKELY (G_TYPE_IS_FUNDAMENTAL (type)))
    return gst_value_tables_fundamental[FUNDAMENTAL_TYPE_ID (type)];
  else
    return g_hash_table_lookup (gst_value_hash_table, (gpointer) type);
}

static void
gst_value_hash_add_type (GType type, const GstValueTable * table)
{
  if (G_TYPE_IS_FUNDAMENTAL (type))
    gst_value_tables_fundamental[FUNDAMENTAL_TYPE_ID (type)] = (gpointer) table;

  g_hash_table_insert (gst_value_hash_table, (gpointer) type, (gpointer) table);
}

/********
 * list *
 ********/

static void
resize_value_list (GstValueList * vlist)
{
  guint want_alloc;

  if (G_UNLIKELY (vlist->allocated > (G_MAXUINT / 2)))
    g_error ("Growing GstValueList would result in overflow");

  want_alloc = MAX (GST_ROUND_UP_8 (vlist->len + 1), vlist->allocated * 2);

  if (VALUE_LIST_IS_USING_DYNAMIC_ARRAY (vlist)) {
    vlist->fields = g_renew (GValue, vlist->fields, want_alloc);
  } else {
    vlist->fields = g_new0 (GValue, want_alloc);
    memcpy (vlist->fields, &vlist->arr[0], vlist->len * sizeof (GValue));
    GST_CAT_LOG (GST_CAT_PERFORMANCE, "Exceeding pre-allocated array");
  }
  vlist->allocated = want_alloc;
}

/* Replacement for g_array_append_val */
static void
_gst_value_list_append_val (GstValueList * vlist, GValue * val)
{
  /* resize if needed */
  if (G_UNLIKELY (vlist->len == vlist->allocated))
    resize_value_list (vlist);

  /* Finally set value */
  vlist->fields[vlist->len++] = *val;
}

/* Replacement for g_array_prepend_val */
static void
_gst_value_list_prepend_val (GstValueList * vlist, GValue * val)
{
  /* resize if needed */
  if (G_UNLIKELY (vlist->len == vlist->allocated))
    resize_value_list (vlist);

  /* Shift everything */
  memmove (&vlist->fields[1], &vlist->fields[0],
      (vlist->len) * sizeof (GValue));

  vlist->fields[0] = *val;
  vlist->len++;
}

static GstValueList *
_gst_value_list_new (guint prealloc)
{
  guint n_alloc;
  GstValueList *res;

  if (prealloc == 0)
    prealloc = 1;

  n_alloc = GST_ROUND_UP_8 (prealloc);
  res = g_malloc0 (sizeof (GstValueList) + (n_alloc - 1) * sizeof (GValue));

  res->len = 0;
  res->allocated = n_alloc;
  res->fields = &res->arr[0];

  return res;
}

static void
_gst_value_list_init (GValue * value, guint prealloc)
{
  value->g_type = GST_TYPE_LIST;
  memset (value->data, 0, sizeof (value->data));
  value->data[0].v_pointer = _gst_value_list_new (prealloc);
}

/**
 * gst_value_list_init:
 * @value: A zero-filled (uninitialized) #GValue structure
 * @prealloc: The number of entries to pre-allocate in the list
 *
 * Initializes and pre-allocates a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_LIST.
 *
 * Returns: (transfer none): The #GValue structure that has been passed in
 *
 * Since: 1.18
 */

GValue *
gst_value_list_init (GValue * value, guint prealloc)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (value != NULL, NULL);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_VALUE_TYPE (value) == 0, NULL);

  _gst_value_list_init (value, prealloc);

  return value;
}

static void
_gst_value_array_init (GValue * value, guint prealloc)
{
  value->g_type = GST_TYPE_ARRAY;
  memset (value->data, 0, sizeof (value->data));
  value->data[0].v_pointer = _gst_value_list_new (prealloc);
}

static gboolean
_gst_value_list_contain (const GstValueList * vlist, const GValue * val)
{
  const GValue *vlist_val;
  for (gsize i = 0; vlist && i < vlist->len; i++) {
    vlist_val = &vlist->fields[i];

    if (gst_value_compare (val, vlist_val) == GST_VALUE_EQUAL) {
      return TRUE;
    }
  }

  return FALSE;
}

/**
 * gst_value_array_init:
 * @value: A zero-filled (uninitialized) #GValue structure
 * @prealloc: The number of entries to pre-allocate in the array
 *
 * Initializes and pre-allocates a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_ARRAY.
 *
 * Returns: (transfer none): The #GValue structure that has been passed in
 *
 * Since: 1.18
 */

GValue *
gst_value_array_init (GValue * value, guint prealloc)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (value != NULL, NULL);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_VALUE_TYPE (value) == 0, NULL);

  _gst_value_array_init (value, prealloc);

  return value;
}

/* two helper functions to serialize/stringify any type of list
 * regular lists are done with { }, arrays with < >
 */
gchar *
_priv_gst_value_serialize_any_list (const GValue * value, const gchar * begin,
    const gchar * end, gboolean print_type, GstSerializeFlags flags)
{
  guint i;
  GstValueList *vlist = value->data[0].v_pointer;
  GString *s;
  GValue *v;
  gchar *s_val = NULL;
  guint alen = vlist->len;

  /* estimate minimum string length to minimise re-allocs in GString */
  s = g_string_sized_new (2 + (6 * alen) + 2);
  g_string_append (s, begin);
  for (i = 0; i < alen; i++) {
    gboolean nested_structs_brackets;
    v = &vlist->fields[i];
    nested_structs_brackets = !(flags & GST_SERIALIZE_FLAG_BACKWARD_COMPAT)
        && (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_STRUCTURE (v) || GST_VALUE_HOLDS_CAPS (v));
    if (!nested_structs_brackets) {
      s_val = gst_value_serialize (v);
    } else {
      if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_STRUCTURE (v))
        s_val =
            gst_structure_serialize_full (gst_value_get_structure (v), flags);
      else if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_CAPS (v))
        s_val = gst_caps_serialize (gst_value_get_caps (v), flags);
    }
    if (s_val != NULL) {
      if (print_type) {
        g_string_append_c (s, '(');
        g_string_append (s, _priv_gst_value_gtype_to_abbr (G_VALUE_TYPE (v)));
        g_string_append_c (s, ')');
      }

      if (nested_structs_brackets)
        g_string_append_c (s, '[');
      g_string_append (s, s_val);
      if (nested_structs_brackets)
        g_string_append_c (s, ']');
      g_free (s_val);
      if (i < alen - 1) {
        g_string_append_len (s, ", ", 2);
      }
    } else {
      g_critical ("Could not serialize list/array value of type '%s'",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (v));
    }
  }
  g_string_append (s, end);
  return g_string_free (s, FALSE);
}

static void
gst_value_transform_any_list_string (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value, const gchar * begin, const gchar * end)
{
  GValue *list_value;
  GstValueList *array;
  GString *s;
  guint i;
  gchar *list_s;
  guint alen;

  array = src_value->data[0].v_pointer;
  alen = array->len;

  /* estimate minimum string length to minimise re-allocs in GString */
  s = g_string_sized_new (2 + (10 * alen) + 2);
  g_string_append (s, begin);
  for (i = 0; i < alen; i++) {
    list_value = &array->fields[i];

    if (i != 0) {
      g_string_append_len (s, ", ", 2);
    }
    list_s = g_strdup_value_contents (list_value);
    g_string_append (s, list_s);
    g_free (list_s);
  }
  g_string_append (s, end);

  dest_value->data[0].v_pointer = g_string_free (s, FALSE);
}

static gchar *
_gst_value_serialize_g_value_array (const GValue * value, const gchar * begin,
    const gchar * end)
{
  guint i;
  GValueArray *array = value->data[0].v_pointer;
  GString *s;
  GValue *v;
  gchar *s_val;
  guint alen = 0;

  if (array)
    alen = array->n_values;

  /* estimate minimum string length to minimise re-allocs in GString */
  s = g_string_sized_new (2 + (6 * alen) + 2);
  g_string_append (s, begin);
  for (i = 0; i < alen; i++) {
    v = g_value_array_get_nth (array, i);
    s_val = gst_value_serialize (v);
    if (s_val != NULL) {
      g_string_append (s, s_val);
      g_free (s_val);
      if (i < alen - 1) {
        g_string_append_len (s, ", ", 2);
      }
    } else {
      g_critical ("Could not serialize list/array value of type '%s'",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (v));
    }
  }
  g_string_append (s, end);
  return g_string_free (s, FALSE);
}

static void
_gst_value_transform_g_value_array_string (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value, const gchar * begin, const gchar * end)
{
  GValue *list_value;
  GValueArray *array;
  GString *s;
  guint i;
  gchar *list_s;
  guint alen;

  array = src_value->data[0].v_pointer;
  alen = array->n_values;

  /* estimate minimum string length to minimise re-allocs in GString */
  s = g_string_sized_new (2 + (10 * alen) + 2);
  g_string_append (s, begin);
  for (i = 0; i < alen; i++) {
    list_value = g_value_array_get_nth (array, i);

    if (i != 0) {
      g_string_append_len (s, ", ", 2);
    }
    list_s = g_strdup_value_contents (list_value);
    g_string_append (s, list_s);
    g_free (list_s);
  }
  g_string_append (s, end);

  dest_value->data[0].v_pointer = g_string_free (s, FALSE);
}

/*
 * helper function to see if a type is fixed. Is used internally here and
 * there. Do not export, since it doesn't work for types where the content
 * decides the fixedness (e.g. GST_TYPE_ARRAY).
 */
static gboolean
gst_type_is_fixed (GType type)
{
  /* the basic int, string, double types */
  if (type <= G_TYPE_MAKE_FUNDAMENTAL (G_TYPE_RESERVED_GLIB_LAST)) {
    return TRUE;
  }
  /* our fundamental types that are certainly not fixed */
  if (type == GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE || type == GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE ||
      type == GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE ||
      type == GST_TYPE_LIST || type == GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE ||
      type == GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE) {
    return FALSE;
  }
  /* other (boxed) types that are fixed */
  if (type == GST_TYPE_BUFFER) {
    return TRUE;
  }
  /* heavy checks */
  if (G_TYPE_IS_FUNDAMENTAL (type) || G_TYPE_FUNDAMENTAL (type) <=
      G_TYPE_MAKE_FUNDAMENTAL (G_TYPE_RESERVED_GLIB_LAST)) {
    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

/* GValue functions usable for both regular lists and arrays */
static void
gst_value_init_list_or_array (GValue * value)
{
  value->data[0].v_pointer = _gst_value_list_new (0);
}

static GstValueList *
copy_gst_value_list (const GstValueList * src)
{
  GstValueList *dest;
  guint i, len;

  len = src->len;
  dest = _gst_value_list_new (len);
  dest->len = len;
  for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    gst_value_init_and_copy (&dest->fields[i], &src->fields[i]);
  }

  return dest;
}

static void
gst_value_copy_list_or_array (const GValue * src_value, GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_pointer =
      copy_gst_value_list (VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (src_value));
}

static void
gst_value_free_list_or_array (GValue * value)
{
  guint i, len;
  GstValueList *src = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value);
  len = src->len;

  if ((value->data[1].v_uint & G_VALUE_NOCOPY_CONTENTS) == 0) {
    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
      g_value_unset (&src->fields[i]);
    }
    if (VALUE_LIST_IS_USING_DYNAMIC_ARRAY (src)) {
      g_free (src->fields);
    }
    g_free (src);
  }
}

static gpointer
gst_value_list_or_array_peek_pointer (const GValue * value)
{
  return value->data[0].v_pointer;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_collect_list_or_array (GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  if (collect_flags & G_VALUE_NOCOPY_CONTENTS) {
    value->data[0].v_pointer = collect_values[0].v_pointer;
    value->data[1].v_uint = G_VALUE_NOCOPY_CONTENTS;
  } else {
    value->data[0].v_pointer =
        copy_gst_value_list ((GstValueList *) collect_values[0].v_pointer);
  }
  return NULL;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_lcopy_list_or_array (const GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  GstValueList **dest = collect_values[0].v_pointer;

  g_return_val_if_fail (dest != NULL,
      g_strdup_printf ("value location for `%s' passed as NULL",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (value->data[0].v_pointer != NULL,
      g_strdup_printf ("invalid value given for `%s'",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  if (collect_flags & G_VALUE_NOCOPY_CONTENTS) {
    *dest = (GstValueList *) value->data[0].v_pointer;
  } else {
    *dest = copy_gst_value_list (VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value));
  }
  return NULL;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_list_or_array_get_basic_type (const GValue * value, GType * type)
{
  if (G_UNLIKELY (value == NULL))
    return FALSE;

  if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (value) || GST_VALUE_HOLDS_ARRAY (value) ||
      GST_VALUE_HOLDS_UNIQUE_LIST (value)) {
    if (VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value) == 0)
      return FALSE;
    return gst_value_list_or_array_get_basic_type (VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (value,
            0), type);
  }

  *type = G_VALUE_TYPE (value);

  return TRUE;
}

#define IS_RANGE_COMPAT(type1,type2,t1,t2) \
  (((t1) == (type1) && (t2) == (type2)) || ((t2) == (type1) && (t1) == (type2)))

#if !defined(G_DISABLE_ASSERT) || !defined(G_DISABLE_CHECKS)
static gboolean
gst_value_list_or_array_are_compatible (const GValue * value1,
    const GValue * value2)
{
  GType basic_type1, basic_type2;

  /* empty or same type is OK */
  if (!gst_value_list_or_array_get_basic_type (value1, &basic_type1) ||
      !gst_value_list_or_array_get_basic_type (value2, &basic_type2) ||
      basic_type1 == basic_type2)
    return TRUE;

  /* ranges are distinct types for each bound type... */
  if (IS_RANGE_COMPAT (G_TYPE_INT, GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE, basic_type1,
          basic_type2))
    return TRUE;
  if (IS_RANGE_COMPAT (G_TYPE_INT64, GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE, basic_type1,
          basic_type2))
    return TRUE;
  if (IS_RANGE_COMPAT (G_TYPE_DOUBLE, GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE, basic_type1,
          basic_type2))
    return TRUE;
  if (IS_RANGE_COMPAT (GST_TYPE_FRACTION, GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE, basic_type1,
          basic_type2))
    return TRUE;

  return FALSE;
}
#endif

static inline void
_gst_value_list_append_and_take_value (GValue * value, GValue * append_value)
{
  _gst_value_list_append_val (VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value), append_value);
  memset (append_value, 0, sizeof (GValue));
}

/**
 * gst_value_list_append_and_take_value:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_LIST
 * @append_value: (transfer full): the value to append
 *
 * Appends @append_value to the GstValueList in @value.
 *
 * Since: 1.2
 */
void
gst_value_list_append_and_take_value (GValue * value, GValue * append_value)
{
  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (value));
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (append_value));
  g_return_if_fail (gst_value_list_or_array_are_compatible (value,
          append_value));

  _gst_value_list_append_and_take_value (value, append_value);
}

/**
 * gst_value_list_append_value:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_LIST
 * @append_value: (transfer none): the value to append
 *
 * Appends @append_value to the GstValueList in @value.
 */
void
gst_value_list_append_value (GValue * value, const GValue * append_value)
{
  GValue val = { 0, };

  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (value));
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (append_value));
  g_return_if_fail (gst_value_list_or_array_are_compatible (value,
          append_value));

  gst_value_init_and_copy (&val, append_value);
  _gst_value_list_append_val (VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value), &val);
}

/**
 * gst_value_list_prepend_value:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_LIST
 * @prepend_value: the value to prepend
 *
 * Prepends @prepend_value to the GstValueList in @value.
 */
void
gst_value_list_prepend_value (GValue * value, const GValue * prepend_value)
{
  GValue val = { 0, };

  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (value));
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (prepend_value));
  g_return_if_fail (gst_value_list_or_array_are_compatible (value,
          prepend_value));

  gst_value_init_and_copy (&val, prepend_value);
  _gst_value_list_prepend_val (VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value), &val);
}

/**
 * gst_value_list_concat:
 * @dest: (out caller-allocates): an uninitialized #GValue to take the result
 * @value1: a #GValue
 * @value2: a #GValue
 *
 * Concatenates copies of @value1 and @value2 into a list.  Values that are not
 * of type #GST_TYPE_LIST are treated as if they were lists of length 1.
 * @dest will be initialized to the type #GST_TYPE_LIST.
 */
void
gst_value_list_concat (GValue * dest, const GValue * value1,
    const GValue * value2)
{
  guint i, value1_length, value2_length;
  GstValueList *vlist;

  g_return_if_fail (dest != NULL);
  g_return_if_fail (G_VALUE_TYPE (dest) == 0);
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value1));
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value2));
  g_return_if_fail (gst_value_list_or_array_are_compatible (value1, value2));

  value1_length =
      (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (value1) ? VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value1) : 1);
  value2_length =
      (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (value2) ? VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value2) : 1);

  _gst_value_list_init (dest, value1_length + value2_length);
  vlist = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (dest);
  vlist->len = value1_length + value2_length;

  if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (value1)) {
    for (i = 0; i < value1_length; i++) {
      gst_value_init_and_copy (&vlist->fields[i],
          VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (value1, i));
    }
  } else {
    gst_value_init_and_copy (&vlist->fields[0], value1);
  }

  if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (value2)) {
    for (i = 0; i < value2_length; i++) {
      gst_value_init_and_copy (&vlist->fields[i + value1_length],
          VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (value2, i));
    }
  } else {
    gst_value_init_and_copy (&vlist->fields[value1_length], value2);
  }
}

/* same as gst_value_list_concat() but takes ownership of GValues */
static void
gst_value_list_concat_and_take_values (GValue * dest, GValue * val1,
    GValue * val2)
{
  guint i, val1_length, val2_length;
  gboolean val1_is_list;
  gboolean val2_is_list;
  GstValueList *vlist;

  g_assert (dest != NULL);
  g_assert (G_VALUE_TYPE (dest) == 0);
  g_assert (G_IS_VALUE (val1));
  g_assert (G_IS_VALUE (val2));
  g_assert (gst_value_list_or_array_are_compatible (val1, val2));

  val1_is_list = GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (val1);
  val1_length = (val1_is_list ? VALUE_LIST_SIZE (val1) : 1);

  val2_is_list = GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (val2);
  val2_length = (val2_is_list ? VALUE_LIST_SIZE (val2) : 1);

  /* Overidding the default initialization to have a list of the target size */
  _gst_value_list_init (dest, val1_length + val2_length);
  vlist = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (dest);
  vlist->len = val1_length + val2_length;

  if (val1_is_list) {
    for (i = 0; i < val1_length; i++) {
      vlist->fields[i] = *VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (val1, i);
    }
    VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (val1)->len = 0;
    g_value_unset (val1);
  } else {
    vlist->fields[0] = *val1;
    G_VALUE_TYPE (val1) = G_TYPE_INVALID;
  }

  if (val2_is_list) {
    for (i = 0; i < val2_length; i++) {
      const GValue *v2 = VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (val2, i);
      vlist->fields[i + val1_length] = *v2;
    }

    VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (val2)->len = 0;
    g_value_unset (val2);
  } else {
    vlist->fields[val1_length] = *val2;
    G_VALUE_TYPE (val2) = G_TYPE_INVALID;
  }
}

/**
 * gst_value_list_merge:
 * @dest: (out caller-allocates): an uninitialized #GValue to take the result
 * @value1: a #GValue
 * @value2: a #GValue
 *
 * Merges copies of @value1 and @value2.  Values that are not
 * of type #GST_TYPE_LIST are treated as if they were lists of length 1.
 *
 * The result will be put into @dest and will either be a list that will not
 * contain any duplicates, or a non-list type (if @value1 and @value2
 * were equal).
 */
void
gst_value_list_merge (GValue * dest, const GValue * value1,
    const GValue * value2)
{
  guint i, j, k, value1_length, value2_length, skipped;
  const GValue *src;
  gboolean skip;
  GstValueList *vlist;

  g_return_if_fail (dest != NULL);
  g_return_if_fail (G_VALUE_TYPE (dest) == 0);
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value1));
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value2));
  g_return_if_fail (gst_value_list_or_array_are_compatible (value1, value2));

  value1_length =
      (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (value1) ? VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value1) : 1);
  value2_length =
      (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (value2) ? VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value2) : 1);

  _gst_value_list_init (dest, value1_length + value2_length);
  vlist = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (dest);
  vlist->len = value1_length + value2_length;

  if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (value1)) {
    for (i = 0; i < value1_length; i++) {
      gst_value_init_and_copy (&vlist->fields[i], VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (value1,
              i));
    }
  } else {
    gst_value_init_and_copy (&vlist->fields[0], value1);
  }

  j = value1_length;
  skipped = 0;
  if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (value2)) {
    for (i = 0; i < value2_length; i++) {
      skip = FALSE;
      src = VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (value2, i);
      for (k = 0; k < value1_length; k++) {
        if (gst_value_compare (&vlist->fields[k], src) == GST_VALUE_EQUAL) {
          skip = TRUE;
          skipped++;
          break;
        }
      }
      if (!skip) {
        gst_value_init_and_copy (&vlist->fields[j], src);
        j++;
      }
    }
  } else {
    skip = FALSE;
    for (k = 0; k < value1_length; k++) {
      if (gst_value_compare (&vlist->fields[k], value2) == GST_VALUE_EQUAL) {
        skip = TRUE;
        skipped++;
        break;
      }
    }
    if (!skip) {
      gst_value_init_and_copy (&vlist->fields[j], value2);
    }
  }
  if (skipped) {
    guint new_size = value1_length + (value2_length - skipped);

    if (new_size > 1) {
      /* shrink list */
      vlist->len = new_size;
    } else {
      GValue single_dest;

      /* size is 1, take single value in list and make it new dest */
      single_dest = vlist->fields[0];

      /* clean up old value allocations: must set array size to 0, because
       * allocated values are not inited meaning g_value_unset() will not
       * work on them */
      vlist->len = 0;
      g_value_unset (dest);

      /* the single value is our new result */
      *dest = single_dest;
    }
  }
}

/**
 * gst_value_list_get_size:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_LIST
 *
 * Gets the number of values contained in @value.
 *
 * Returns: the number of values
 */
guint
gst_value_list_get_size (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (value), 0);

  return VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value);
}

/**
 * gst_value_list_get_value:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_LIST
 * @index: index of value to get from the list
 *
 * Gets the value that is a member of the list contained in @value and
 * has the index @index.
 *
 * Returns: (transfer none): the value at the given index
 */
const GValue *
gst_value_list_get_value (const GValue * value, guint index)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (value), NULL);
  g_return_val_if_fail (index < VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value), NULL);

  return VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (value, index);
}

/**
 * gst_value_array_append_value:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_ARRAY
 * @append_value: the value to append
 *
 * Appends @append_value to the GstValueArray in @value.
 */
void
gst_value_array_append_value (GValue * value, const GValue * append_value)
{
  GValue val = { 0, };

  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_ARRAY (value));
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (append_value));
  g_return_if_fail (gst_value_list_or_array_are_compatible (value,
          append_value));

  gst_value_init_and_copy (&val, append_value);
  _gst_value_list_append_val (VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value), &val);
}

static inline void
_gst_value_array_append_and_take_value (GValue * value, GValue * append_value)
{
  _gst_value_list_append_val (VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value), append_value);
  memset (append_value, 0, sizeof (GValue));
}

/**
 * gst_value_array_append_and_take_value:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_ARRAY
 * @append_value: (transfer full): the value to append
 *
 * Appends @append_value to the GstValueArray in @value.
 *
 * Since: 1.2
 */
void
gst_value_array_append_and_take_value (GValue * value, GValue * append_value)
{
  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_ARRAY (value));
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (append_value));
  g_return_if_fail (gst_value_list_or_array_are_compatible (value,
          append_value));

  _gst_value_array_append_and_take_value (value, append_value);
}

/**
 * gst_value_array_prepend_value:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_ARRAY
 * @prepend_value: the value to prepend
 *
 * Prepends @prepend_value to the GstValueArray in @value.
 */
void
gst_value_array_prepend_value (GValue * value, const GValue * prepend_value)
{
  GValue val = { 0, };

  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_ARRAY (value));
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (prepend_value));
  g_return_if_fail (gst_value_list_or_array_are_compatible (value,
          prepend_value));

  gst_value_init_and_copy (&val, prepend_value);
  _gst_value_list_prepend_val (VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value), &val);
}

/**
 * gst_value_array_get_size:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_ARRAY
 *
 * Gets the number of values contained in @value.
 *
 * Returns: the number of values
 */
guint
gst_value_array_get_size (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_ARRAY (value), 0);

  return VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value);
}

/**
 * gst_value_array_get_value:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_ARRAY
 * @index: index of value to get from the array
 *
 * Gets the value that is a member of the array contained in @value and
 * has the index @index.
 *
 * Returns: (transfer none): the value at the given index
 */
const GValue *
gst_value_array_get_value (const GValue * value, guint index)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_ARRAY (value), NULL);
  g_return_val_if_fail (index < VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value), NULL);

  return VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (value, index);
}

/**
 * gst_value_unique_list_append_value:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST
 * @append_value: (transfer none): the value to append
 *
 * Appends @append_value to the GstValueUniqueList in @value.
 *
 * Since: 1.28
 */
void
gst_value_unique_list_append_value (GValue * value, const GValue * append_value)
{
  gsize i;
  GValue val = { 0 };
  const GValue *p_val;

  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_UNIQUE_LIST (value));
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (append_value));
  g_return_if_fail (gst_value_list_or_array_are_compatible (value,
          append_value));

  /* Set only contain one copy of a value */
  for (i = 0; i < gst_value_unique_list_get_size (value); i++) {
    p_val = gst_value_unique_list_get_value (value, i);

    if (gst_value_compare (p_val, append_value) == GST_VALUE_EQUAL)
      return;                   /* value already exist in set */
  }

  gst_value_init_and_copy (&val, append_value);
  _gst_value_list_append_val (VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value), &val);
}

/**
 * gst_value_unique_list_append_and_take_value:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST
 * @append_value: (transfer full): the value to append
 *
 * Appends @append_value to the GstValueUniqueList in @value.
 *
 * Since: 1.28
 */
void
gst_value_unique_list_append_and_take_value (GValue * value,
    GValue * append_value)
{
  gsize i;
  const GValue *p_val;

  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_UNIQUE_LIST (value));
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (append_value));
  g_return_if_fail (gst_value_list_or_array_are_compatible (value,
          append_value));

  /* Set only contain one copy of a value */
  for (i = 0; i < gst_value_unique_list_get_size (value); i++) {
    p_val = gst_value_unique_list_get_value (value, i);

    if (gst_value_compare (p_val, append_value) == GST_VALUE_EQUAL)
      return;                   /* value already exist in set */
  }

  _gst_value_list_append_and_take_value (value, append_value);
}

/**
 * gst_value_unique_list_prepend_value:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST
 * @prepend_value: the value to prepend
 *
 * Prepends @prepend_value to the GstValueUniqueList in @value.
 *
 * Since: 1.28
 */
void
gst_value_unique_list_prepend_value (GValue * value,
    const GValue * prepend_value)
{
  gst_value_list_prepend_value (value, prepend_value);
}

/**
 * gst_value_unique_list_concat:
 * @dest: (out caller-allocates): an uninitialized #GValue to take the result
 * @value1: a #GValue
 * @value2: a #GValue
 *
 * Concatenates copies of @value1 and @value2 into a set.  Values that are not
 * of type #GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST are treated as if they were sets of length 1.
 * @dest will be initialized to the type #GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST.
 *
 * Since: 1.28
 */
void
gst_value_unique_list_concat (GValue * dest, const GValue * value1,
    const GValue * value2)
{
  guint i, value2_length;
  GstValueList *vlist;
  const GValue *p_val;

  g_return_if_fail (dest != NULL);
  g_return_if_fail (G_VALUE_TYPE (dest) == 0);
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value1));
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value2));
  g_return_if_fail (gst_value_list_or_array_are_compatible (value1, value2));

  value2_length =
      (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_UNIQUE_LIST (value2) ? VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value2) : 1);

  g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST);
  if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_UNIQUE_LIST (value1)) {
    g_value_copy (value1, dest);
  } else {
    gst_value_unique_list_append_value (dest, value1);
  }

  vlist = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (dest);
  if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_UNIQUE_LIST (value2)) {
    for (i = 0; i < value2_length; i++) {
      p_val = gst_value_unique_list_get_value (value2, i);

      if (!_gst_value_list_contain (vlist, p_val)) {
        gst_value_unique_list_append_value (dest, p_val);
      }
    }
  } else {
    if (!_gst_value_list_contain (vlist, value2)) {
      gst_value_unique_list_append_value (dest, value2);
    }
  }
}

/**
 * gst_value_unique_list_get_size:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST
 *
 * Gets the number of values contained in @value.
 *
 * Returns: the number of values
 *
 * Since: 1.28
 */
guint
gst_value_unique_list_get_size (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_UNIQUE_LIST (value), 0);

  return VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value);
}

/**
 * gst_value_unique_list_get_value:
 * @value: a #GValue of type #GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST
 * @index: index of value to get from the set
 *
 * Gets the value that is a member of the set contained in @value and
 * has the index @index.
 *
 * Returns: (transfer none): the value at the given index
 *
 * Since: 1.28
 */
const GValue *
gst_value_unique_list_get_value (const GValue * value, guint index)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_UNIQUE_LIST (value), NULL);
  g_return_val_if_fail (index < VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value), NULL);

  return VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (value, index);
}

static void
gst_value_transform_list_string (const GValue * src_value, GValue * dest_value)
{
  gst_value_transform_any_list_string (src_value, dest_value, "{ ", " }");
}

static void
gst_value_transform_array_string (const GValue * src_value, GValue * dest_value)
{
  gst_value_transform_any_list_string (src_value, dest_value, "< ", " >");
}

static void
gst_value_transform_set_string (const GValue * src_value, GValue * dest_value)
{
  gst_value_transform_any_list_string (src_value, dest_value, "(/uniquelist){ ",
      " }");
}

static void
gst_value_transform_g_value_array_string (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  _gst_value_transform_g_value_array_string (src_value, dest_value, "< ", " >");
}

static void
gst_value_transform_g_value_array_any_list (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  const GValueArray *varray;
  GstValueList *vlist;
  gint i;

  varray = g_value_get_boxed (src_value);

  /* GLib will unset the value, memset to 0 the data instead of doing a proper
   * reset. That's why we need to allocate the array here */
  vlist = dest_value->data[0].v_pointer =
      _gst_value_list_new (varray->n_values);

  for (i = 0; i < varray->n_values; i++) {
    GValue val = G_VALUE_INIT;
    gst_value_init_and_copy (&val, &varray->values[i]);
    _gst_value_list_append_val (vlist, &val);
  }
}

static void
gst_value_transform_any_list_g_value_array (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  GValueArray *varray;
  GstValueList *vlist;
  gint i;

  vlist = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (src_value);
  varray = g_value_array_new (vlist->len);

  for (i = 0; i < vlist->len; i++)
    g_value_array_append (varray, &vlist->fields[i]);

  g_value_take_boxed (dest_value, varray);
}

/* Do an unordered compare of the contents of a list */
static gint
gst_value_compare_value_list (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  guint i, j;
  GstValueList *vlist1 = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value1);
  GstValueList *vlist2 = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value2);
  GValue *v1;
  GValue *v2;
  gint len, to_remove;
  guint8 *removed;
  GstValueCompareFunc compare;

  /* get length and do initial length check. */
  len = vlist1->len;
  if (len != vlist2->len)
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

  /* Empty lists are equal */
  if (len == 0)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  /* We know lists are not empty. do sanity check on first values */
  if (G_VALUE_TYPE (&vlist1->fields[0]) != G_VALUE_TYPE (&vlist2->fields[0]))
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

  /* Get the compare function */
  if (!(compare = gst_value_get_compare_func (&vlist1->fields[0])))
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

  /* place to mark removed value indices of array2 */
  removed = g_newa (guint8, len);
  memset (removed, 0, len);
  to_remove = len;

  /* loop over array1, all items should be in array2. When we find an
   * item in array2, remove it from array2 by marking it as removed */
  for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    v1 = &vlist1->fields[i];

    for (j = 0; j < len; j++) {
      /* item is removed, we can skip it */
      if (removed[j])
        continue;
      v2 = &vlist2->fields[j];
      /* Note: compare function can be called directly since we know the types
       * are identical */
      if (compare (v1, v2) == GST_VALUE_EQUAL) {
        /* mark item as removed now that we found it in array2 and
         * decrement the number of remaining items in array2. */
        removed[j] = 1;
        to_remove--;
        break;
      }
    }
    /* item in array1 and not in array2, UNORDERED */
    if (j == len)
      return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
  }
  /* if not all items were removed, array2 contained something not in array1 */
  if (to_remove != 0)
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

  /* arrays are equal */
  return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
}

/* Perform an ordered comparison of the contents of an array */
static gint
gst_value_compare_value_array (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  guint i;
  GstValueList *vlist1 = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value1);
  GstValueList *vlist2 = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value2);
  guint len = vlist1->len;
  GValue *v1;
  GValue *v2;

  if (len != vlist2->len)
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

  for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    v1 = &vlist1->fields[i];
    v2 = &vlist2->fields[i];
    if (gst_value_compare (v1, v2) != GST_VALUE_EQUAL)
      return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
  }

  return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
}

/* Do an unordered compare of the contents of a set */
static gint
gst_value_compare_value_unique_list (const GValue * value1,
    const GValue * value2)
{
  return gst_value_compare_value_list (value1, value2);
}

static gint
gst_value_compare_g_value_array (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  guint i;
  GValueArray *array1 = value1->data[0].v_pointer;
  GValueArray *array2 = value2->data[0].v_pointer;
  guint len = array1 ? array1->n_values : 0;
  GValue *v1;
  GValue *v2;

  if (len != (array2 ? array2->n_values : 0))
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

  for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    v1 = g_value_array_get_nth (array1, i);
    v2 = g_value_array_get_nth (array2, i);
    if (gst_value_compare (v1, v2) != GST_VALUE_EQUAL)
      return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
  }

  return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_value_list (const GValue * value)
{
  return _priv_gst_value_serialize_any_list (value, "{ ", " }", TRUE,
      GST_SERIALIZE_FLAG_BACKWARD_COMPAT);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_value_list (GValue * dest, const gchar * s,
    GParamSpec * pspec)
{
  gchar *s2 = (gchar *) s;
  return _priv_gst_value_parse_list (s2, &s2, dest, G_TYPE_INVALID, pspec);
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_value_array (const GValue * value)
{
  return _priv_gst_value_serialize_any_list (value, "< ", " >", TRUE,
      GST_SERIALIZE_FLAG_BACKWARD_COMPAT);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_value_array (GValue * dest, const gchar * s,
    GParamSpec * pspec)
{
  gchar *s2 = (gchar *) s;
  return _priv_gst_value_parse_array (s2, &s2, dest, G_TYPE_INVALID, pspec);
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_g_value_array (const GValue * value)
{
  return _gst_value_serialize_g_value_array (value, "< ", " >");
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_g_value_array (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  g_warning ("gst_value_deserialize_g_value_array: unimplemented");
  return FALSE;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_value_unique_list (const GValue * value)
{
  return _priv_gst_value_serialize_any_list (value, "(/uniquelist){ ", " }",
      TRUE, GST_SERIALIZE_FLAG_BACKWARD_COMPAT);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_value_unique_list (GValue * dest, const gchar * s,
    GParamSpec * pspec)
{
  gchar *s2 = (gchar *) s;
  return _priv_gst_value_parse_list (s2, &s2, dest, G_TYPE_INVALID, pspec);
}

/*************
 * int range *
 *
 * Values in the range are defined as any value greater or equal
 * to min*step, AND lesser or equal to max*step.
 * For step == 1, this falls back to the traditional range semantics.
 *
 * data[0] = (min << 32) | (max)
 * data[1] = step
 *
 *************/

#define INT_RANGE_MIN(v) ((gint) (((v)->data[0].v_uint64) >> 32))
#define INT_RANGE_MAX(v) ((gint) (((v)->data[0].v_uint64) & 0xffffffff))
#define INT_RANGE_STEP(v) ((v)->data[1].v_int)

static void
gst_value_init_int_range (GValue * value)
{
  G_STATIC_ASSERT (sizeof (gint) <= 2 * sizeof (guint64));

  value->data[0].v_uint64 = 0;
  value->data[1].v_int = 1;
}

static void
gst_value_copy_int_range (const GValue * src_value, GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_uint64 = src_value->data[0].v_uint64;
  dest_value->data[1].v_int = src_value->data[1].v_int;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_collect_int_range (GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (n_collect_values == 2,
      g_strdup_printf ("not enough value locations for `%s' passed",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (collect_values[0].v_int < collect_values[1].v_int,
      g_strdup_printf ("range start is not smaller than end for `%s'",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  gst_value_set_int_range_step (value, collect_values[0].v_int,
      collect_values[1].v_int, 1);

  return NULL;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_lcopy_int_range (const GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  guint32 *int_range_start = collect_values[0].v_pointer;
  guint32 *int_range_end = collect_values[1].v_pointer;

  g_return_val_if_fail (int_range_start != NULL,
      g_strdup_printf ("start value location for `%s' passed as NULL",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (int_range_end != NULL,
      g_strdup_printf ("end value location for `%s' passed as NULL",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  *int_range_start = INT_RANGE_MIN (value);
  *int_range_end = INT_RANGE_MAX (value);

  return NULL;
}

/**
 * gst_value_set_int_range_step:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE
 * @start: the start of the range
 * @end: the end of the range
 * @step: the step of the range
 *
 * Sets @value to the range specified by @start, @end and @step.
 */
void
gst_value_set_int_range_step (GValue * value, gint start, gint end, gint step)
{
  guint64 sstart, sstop;

  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT_RANGE (value));
  g_return_if_fail (start < end);
  g_return_if_fail (step > 0);
  g_return_if_fail (start % step == 0);
  g_return_if_fail (end % step == 0);

  sstart = (guint) (start / step);
  sstop = (guint) (end / step);
  value->data[0].v_uint64 = (sstart << 32) | sstop;
  value->data[1].v_int = step;
}

/**
 * gst_value_set_int_range:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE
 * @start: the start of the range
 * @end: the end of the range
 *
 * Sets @value to the range specified by @start and @end.
 */
void
gst_value_set_int_range (GValue * value, gint start, gint end)
{
  gst_value_set_int_range_step (value, start, end, 1);
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_int_range_min:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE
 *
 * Gets the minimum of the range specified by @value.
 *
 * Returns: the minimum of the range
 */
gint
gst_value_get_int_range_min (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT_RANGE (value), 0);

  return INT_RANGE_MIN (value) * INT_RANGE_STEP (value);
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_int_range_max:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE
 *
 * Gets the maximum of the range specified by @value.
 *
 * Returns: the maximum of the range
 */
gint
gst_value_get_int_range_max (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT_RANGE (value), 0);

  return INT_RANGE_MAX (value) * INT_RANGE_STEP (value);
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_int_range_step:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE
 *
 * Gets the step of the range specified by @value.
 *
 * Returns: the step of the range
 */
gint
gst_value_get_int_range_step (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT_RANGE (value), 0);

  return INT_RANGE_STEP (value);
}

static void
gst_value_transform_int_range_string (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  if (INT_RANGE_STEP (src_value) == 1)
    dest_value->data[0].v_pointer = g_strdup_printf ("[%d,%d]",
        INT_RANGE_MIN (src_value), INT_RANGE_MAX (src_value));
  else
    dest_value->data[0].v_pointer = g_strdup_printf ("[%d,%d,%d]",
        INT_RANGE_MIN (src_value) * INT_RANGE_STEP (src_value),
        INT_RANGE_MAX (src_value) * INT_RANGE_STEP (src_value),
        INT_RANGE_STEP (src_value));
}

static gint
gst_value_compare_int_range (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
#if 0
  /* Compare the ranges. (Kept for clarity for the below comparision) */
  if (INT_RANGE_MIN (value1) != INT_RANGE_MIN (value2) ||
      INT_RANGE_MAX (value1) != INT_RANGE_MAX (value2))
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
#else
  /* The MIN and MAX of the range are actually stored packed into one 64bit
   * value. We can therefore compare them directly */
  if (value1->data[0].v_uint64 != value2->data[0].v_uint64)
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
#endif

  /* The extents are equal */
  /* If there is only one value (min == max), we ignore the step for
   * comparison */
  if (INT_RANGE_MIN (value1) == INT_RANGE_MAX (value1))
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  /* Else the ranges are only equal if their step is also equal */
  if (INT_RANGE_STEP (value1) == INT_RANGE_STEP (value2))
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_int_range (const GValue * value)
{
  if (INT_RANGE_STEP (value) == 1)
    return g_strdup_printf ("[ %d, %d ]", INT_RANGE_MIN (value),
        INT_RANGE_MAX (value));
  else
    return g_strdup_printf ("[ %d, %d, %d ]",
        INT_RANGE_MIN (value) * INT_RANGE_STEP (value),
        INT_RANGE_MAX (value) * INT_RANGE_STEP (value), INT_RANGE_STEP (value));
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_int_range (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  g_warning ("unimplemented");
  return FALSE;
}

/***************
 * int64 range *
 *
 * Values in the range are defined as any value greater or equal
 * to min*step, AND lesser or equal to max*step.
 * For step == 1, this falls back to the traditional range semantics.
 ***************/

#define INT64_RANGE_MIN(v) (((gint64 *)((v)->data[0].v_pointer))[0])
#define INT64_RANGE_MAX(v) (((gint64 *)((v)->data[0].v_pointer))[1])
#define INT64_RANGE_STEP(v) (((gint64 *)((v)->data[0].v_pointer))[2])

static void
gst_value_init_int64_range (GValue * value)
{
  gint64 *vals = g_malloc0 (3 * sizeof (gint64));
  value->data[0].v_pointer = vals;
  INT64_RANGE_MIN (value) = 0;
  INT64_RANGE_MAX (value) = 0;
  INT64_RANGE_STEP (value) = 1;
}

static void
gst_value_free_int64_range (GValue * value)
{
  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT64_RANGE (value));
  g_free (value->data[0].v_pointer);
  value->data[0].v_pointer = NULL;
}

static void
gst_value_copy_int64_range (const GValue * src_value, GValue * dest_value)
{
  gint64 *vals = (gint64 *) dest_value->data[0].v_pointer;
  gint64 *src_vals = (gint64 *) src_value->data[0].v_pointer;

  if (vals == NULL) {
    gst_value_init_int64_range (dest_value);
  }

  if (src_vals != NULL) {
    INT64_RANGE_MIN (dest_value) = INT64_RANGE_MIN (src_value);
    INT64_RANGE_MAX (dest_value) = INT64_RANGE_MAX (src_value);
    INT64_RANGE_STEP (dest_value) = INT64_RANGE_STEP (src_value);
  }
}

static gchar *
gst_value_collect_int64_range (GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  gint64 *vals = value->data[0].v_pointer;

  g_return_val_if_fail (n_collect_values == 2,
      g_strdup_printf ("not enough value locations for `%s' passed",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  g_return_val_if_fail (collect_values[0].v_int64 < collect_values[1].v_int64,
      g_strdup_printf ("range start is not smaller than end for `%s'",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  if (vals == NULL) {
    gst_value_init_int64_range (value);
  }

  gst_value_set_int64_range_step (value, collect_values[0].v_int64,
      collect_values[1].v_int64, 1);

  return NULL;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_lcopy_int64_range (const GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  guint64 *int_range_start = collect_values[0].v_pointer;
  guint64 *int_range_end = collect_values[1].v_pointer;
  guint64 *int_range_step = collect_values[2].v_pointer;
  gint64 *vals GST_UNUSED_CHECKS = (gint64 *) value->data[0].v_pointer;

  g_return_val_if_fail (int_range_start != NULL,
      g_strdup_printf ("start value location for `%s' passed as NULL",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (int_range_end != NULL,
      g_strdup_printf ("end value location for `%s' passed as NULL",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (int_range_step != NULL,
      g_strdup_printf ("step value location for `%s' passed as NULL",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  g_return_val_if_fail (vals != NULL,
      g_strdup_printf ("Uninitialised `%s' passed", G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  *int_range_start = INT64_RANGE_MIN (value);
  *int_range_end = INT64_RANGE_MAX (value);
  *int_range_step = INT64_RANGE_STEP (value);

  return NULL;
}

/**
 * gst_value_set_int64_range_step:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE
 * @start: the start of the range
 * @end: the end of the range
 * @step: the step of the range
 *
 * Sets @value to the range specified by @start, @end and @step.
 */
void
gst_value_set_int64_range_step (GValue * value, gint64 start, gint64 end,
    gint64 step)
{
  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT64_RANGE (value));
  g_return_if_fail (start < end);
  g_return_if_fail (step > 0);
  g_return_if_fail (start % step == 0);
  g_return_if_fail (end % step == 0);

  INT64_RANGE_MIN (value) = start / step;
  INT64_RANGE_MAX (value) = end / step;
  INT64_RANGE_STEP (value) = step;
}

/**
 * gst_value_set_int64_range:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE
 * @start: the start of the range
 * @end: the end of the range
 *
 * Sets @value to the range specified by @start and @end.
 */
void
gst_value_set_int64_range (GValue * value, gint64 start, gint64 end)
{
  gst_value_set_int64_range_step (value, start, end, 1);
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_int64_range_min:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE
 *
 * Gets the minimum of the range specified by @value.
 *
 * Returns: the minimum of the range
 */
gint64
gst_value_get_int64_range_min (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT64_RANGE (value), 0);

  return INT64_RANGE_MIN (value) * INT64_RANGE_STEP (value);
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_int64_range_max:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE
 *
 * Gets the maximum of the range specified by @value.
 *
 * Returns: the maximum of the range
 */
gint64
gst_value_get_int64_range_max (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT64_RANGE (value), 0);

  return INT64_RANGE_MAX (value) * INT64_RANGE_STEP (value);
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_int64_range_step:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE
 *
 * Gets the step of the range specified by @value.
 *
 * Returns: the step of the range
 */
gint64
gst_value_get_int64_range_step (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT64_RANGE (value), 0);

  return INT64_RANGE_STEP (value);
}

static void
gst_value_transform_int64_range_string (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  if (INT64_RANGE_STEP (src_value) == 1)
    dest_value->data[0].v_pointer =
        g_strdup_printf ("(gint64)[%" G_GINT64_FORMAT ",%" G_GINT64_FORMAT "]",
        INT64_RANGE_MIN (src_value), INT64_RANGE_MAX (src_value));
  else
    dest_value->data[0].v_pointer =
        g_strdup_printf ("(gint64)[%" G_GINT64_FORMAT ",%" G_GINT64_FORMAT
        ",%" G_GINT64_FORMAT "]",
        INT64_RANGE_MIN (src_value) * INT64_RANGE_STEP (src_value),
        INT64_RANGE_MAX (src_value) * INT64_RANGE_STEP (src_value),
        INT64_RANGE_STEP (src_value));
}

static gint
gst_value_compare_int64_range (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  /* Compare the ranges. */
  if (INT64_RANGE_MIN (value1) != INT64_RANGE_MIN (value2) ||
      INT64_RANGE_MAX (value1) != INT64_RANGE_MAX (value2))
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

  /* The extents are equal */
  /* If there is only one value (min == max), we ignore the step for
   * comparison */
  if (INT64_RANGE_MIN (value1) == INT64_RANGE_MAX (value1))
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  /* Else the ranges are only equal if their step is also equal */
  if (INT64_RANGE_STEP (value1) == INT64_RANGE_STEP (value2))
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_int64_range (const GValue * value)
{
  if (INT64_RANGE_STEP (value) == 1)
    return g_strdup_printf ("[ %" G_GINT64_FORMAT ", %" G_GINT64_FORMAT " ]",
        INT64_RANGE_MIN (value), INT64_RANGE_MAX (value));
  else
    return g_strdup_printf ("[ %" G_GINT64_FORMAT ", %" G_GINT64_FORMAT ", %"
        G_GINT64_FORMAT " ]",
        INT64_RANGE_MIN (value) * INT64_RANGE_STEP (value),
        INT64_RANGE_MAX (value) * INT64_RANGE_STEP (value),
        INT64_RANGE_STEP (value));
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_int64_range (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  g_warning ("unimplemented");
  return FALSE;
}

/****************
 * double range *
 ****************/

static void
gst_value_init_double_range (GValue * value)
{
  value->data[0].v_double = 0;
  value->data[1].v_double = 0;
}

static void
gst_value_copy_double_range (const GValue * src_value, GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_double = src_value->data[0].v_double;
  dest_value->data[1].v_double = src_value->data[1].v_double;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_collect_double_range (GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (n_collect_values == 2,
      g_strdup_printf ("not enough value locations for `%s' passed",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (collect_values[0].v_double < collect_values[1].v_double,
      g_strdup_printf ("range start is not smaller than end for `%s'",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  value->data[0].v_double = collect_values[0].v_double;
  value->data[1].v_double = collect_values[1].v_double;

  return NULL;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_lcopy_double_range (const GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  gdouble *double_range_start = collect_values[0].v_pointer;
  gdouble *double_range_end = collect_values[1].v_pointer;

  g_return_val_if_fail (double_range_start != NULL,
      g_strdup_printf ("start value location for `%s' passed as NULL",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (double_range_end != NULL,
      g_strdup_printf ("end value location for `%s' passed as NULL",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  *double_range_start = value->data[0].v_double;
  *double_range_end = value->data[1].v_double;

  return NULL;
}

/**
 * gst_value_set_double_range:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE
 * @start: the start of the range
 * @end: the end of the range
 *
 * Sets @value to the range specified by @start and @end.
 */
void
gst_value_set_double_range (GValue * value, gdouble start, gdouble end)
{
  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_DOUBLE_RANGE (value));
  g_return_if_fail (start < end);

  value->data[0].v_double = start;
  value->data[1].v_double = end;
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_double_range_min:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE
 *
 * Gets the minimum of the range specified by @value.
 *
 * Returns: the minimum of the range
 */
gdouble
gst_value_get_double_range_min (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_DOUBLE_RANGE (value), 0);

  return value->data[0].v_double;
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_double_range_max:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE
 *
 * Gets the maximum of the range specified by @value.
 *
 * Returns: the maximum of the range
 */
gdouble
gst_value_get_double_range_max (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_DOUBLE_RANGE (value), 0);

  return value->data[1].v_double;
}

static void
gst_value_transform_double_range_string (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  gchar s1[G_ASCII_DTOSTR_BUF_SIZE], s2[G_ASCII_DTOSTR_BUF_SIZE];

  dest_value->data[0].v_pointer = g_strdup_printf ("[%s,%s]",
      g_ascii_dtostr (s1, G_ASCII_DTOSTR_BUF_SIZE,
          src_value->data[0].v_double),
      g_ascii_dtostr (s2, G_ASCII_DTOSTR_BUF_SIZE,
          src_value->data[1].v_double));
}

static gint
gst_value_compare_double_range (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  if (value2->data[0].v_double == value1->data[0].v_double &&
      value2->data[1].v_double == value1->data[1].v_double)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_double_range (const GValue * value)
{
  gchar d1[G_ASCII_DTOSTR_BUF_SIZE];
  gchar d2[G_ASCII_DTOSTR_BUF_SIZE];

  g_ascii_dtostr (d1, G_ASCII_DTOSTR_BUF_SIZE, value->data[0].v_double);
  g_ascii_dtostr (d2, G_ASCII_DTOSTR_BUF_SIZE, value->data[1].v_double);
  return g_strdup_printf ("[ %s, %s ]", d1, d2);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_double_range (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  g_warning ("unimplemented");
  return FALSE;
}

/****************
 * fraction range *
 ****************/

static void
gst_value_init_fraction_range (GValue * value)
{
  GValue *vals;
  GType ftype;

  ftype = GST_TYPE_FRACTION;

  value->data[0].v_pointer = vals = g_malloc0 (2 * sizeof (GValue));
  g_value_init (&vals[0], ftype);
  g_value_init (&vals[1], ftype);
}

static void
gst_value_free_fraction_range (GValue * value)
{
  GValue *vals = (GValue *) value->data[0].v_pointer;

  if (vals != NULL) {
    /* we know the two values contain fractions without internal allocs */
    /* g_value_unset (&vals[0]); */
    /* g_value_unset (&vals[1]); */
    g_free (vals);
    value->data[0].v_pointer = NULL;
  }
}

static void
gst_value_copy_fraction_range (const GValue * src_value, GValue * dest_value)
{
  GValue *vals = (GValue *) dest_value->data[0].v_pointer;
  GValue *src_vals = (GValue *) src_value->data[0].v_pointer;

  if (vals == NULL) {
    gst_value_init_fraction_range (dest_value);
    vals = dest_value->data[0].v_pointer;
  }
  if (src_vals != NULL) {
    g_value_copy (&src_vals[0], &vals[0]);
    g_value_copy (&src_vals[1], &vals[1]);
  }
}

static gchar *
gst_value_collect_fraction_range (GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  GValue *vals = (GValue *) value->data[0].v_pointer;

  g_return_val_if_fail (n_collect_values == 4,
      g_strdup_printf ("not enough value locations for `%s' passed",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (collect_values[1].v_int != 0,
      g_strdup_printf ("passed '0' as first denominator for `%s'",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (collect_values[3].v_int != 0,
      g_strdup_printf ("passed '0' as second denominator for `%s'",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (gst_util_fraction_compare (collect_values[0].v_int,
          collect_values[1].v_int, collect_values[2].v_int,
          collect_values[3].v_int) < 0,
      g_strdup_printf ("range start is not smaller than end for `%s'",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  if (vals == NULL) {
    gst_value_init_fraction_range (value);
    vals = value->data[0].v_pointer;
  }

  gst_value_set_fraction (&vals[0], collect_values[0].v_int,
      collect_values[1].v_int);
  gst_value_set_fraction (&vals[1], collect_values[2].v_int,
      collect_values[3].v_int);

  return NULL;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_lcopy_fraction_range (const GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  gint i;
  gint *dest_values[4];
  GValue *vals = (GValue *) value->data[0].v_pointer;

  g_return_val_if_fail (n_collect_values == 4,
      g_strdup_printf ("not enough value locations for `%s' passed",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (vals != NULL,
      g_strdup_printf ("Uninitialised `%s' passed", G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    g_return_val_if_fail (collect_values[i].v_pointer != NULL,
        g_strdup_printf ("value location for `%s' passed as NULL",
            G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

    dest_values[i] = collect_values[i].v_pointer;
  }

  dest_values[0][0] = gst_value_get_fraction_numerator (&vals[0]);
  dest_values[1][0] = gst_value_get_fraction_denominator (&vals[0]);
  dest_values[2][0] = gst_value_get_fraction_numerator (&vals[1]);
  dest_values[3][0] = gst_value_get_fraction_denominator (&vals[1]);
  return NULL;
}

/**
 * gst_value_set_fraction_range:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE
 * @start: the start of the range (a GST_TYPE_FRACTION GValue)
 * @end: the end of the range (a GST_TYPE_FRACTION GValue)
 *
 * Sets @value to the range specified by @start and @end.
 */
void
gst_value_set_fraction_range (GValue * value, const GValue * start,
    const GValue * end)
{
  GValue *vals;

  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION_RANGE (value));
  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION (start));
  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION (end));
  g_return_if_fail (gst_util_fraction_compare (start->data[0].v_int,
          start->data[1].v_int, end->data[0].v_int, end->data[1].v_int) < 0);

  vals = (GValue *) value->data[0].v_pointer;
  if (vals == NULL) {
    gst_value_init_fraction_range (value);
    vals = value->data[0].v_pointer;
  }
  g_value_copy (start, &vals[0]);
  g_value_copy (end, &vals[1]);
}

/**
 * gst_value_set_fraction_range_full:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE
 * @numerator_start: the numerator start of the range
 * @denominator_start: the denominator start of the range
 * @numerator_end: the numerator end of the range
 * @denominator_end: the denominator end of the range
 *
 * Sets @value to the range specified by @numerator_start/@denominator_start
 * and @numerator_end/@denominator_end.
 */
void
gst_value_set_fraction_range_full (GValue * value,
    gint numerator_start, gint denominator_start,
    gint numerator_end, gint denominator_end)
{
  GValue start = { 0 };
  GValue end = { 0 };

  g_return_if_fail (value != NULL);
  g_return_if_fail (denominator_start != 0);
  g_return_if_fail (denominator_end != 0);
  g_return_if_fail (gst_util_fraction_compare (numerator_start,
          denominator_start, numerator_end, denominator_end) < 0);

  g_value_init (&start, GST_TYPE_FRACTION);
  g_value_init (&end, GST_TYPE_FRACTION);

  gst_value_set_fraction (&start, numerator_start, denominator_start);
  gst_value_set_fraction (&end, numerator_end, denominator_end);
  gst_value_set_fraction_range (value, &start, &end);

  /* we know the two values contain fractions without internal allocs */
  /* g_value_unset (&start); */
  /* g_value_unset (&end);   */
}

/* FIXME 2.0: Don't leak the internal representation of fraction
 * ranges but instead return the numerator and denominator
 * separately.
 * This would allow to store fraction ranges as
 *  data[0] = (min_n << 32) | (min_d)
 *  data[1] = (max_n << 32) | (max_d)
 * without requiring an additional allocation for each value.
 */

/**
 * gst_value_get_fraction_range_min:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE
 *
 * Gets the minimum of the range specified by @value.
 *
 * Returns: (nullable): the minimum of the range
 */
const GValue *
gst_value_get_fraction_range_min (const GValue * value)
{
  GValue *vals;

  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION_RANGE (value), NULL);

  vals = (GValue *) value->data[0].v_pointer;
  if (vals != NULL) {
    return &vals[0];
  }

  return NULL;
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_fraction_range_max:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE
 *
 * Gets the maximum of the range specified by @value.
 *
 * Returns: (nullable): the maximum of the range
 */
const GValue *
gst_value_get_fraction_range_max (const GValue * value)
{
  GValue *vals;

  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION_RANGE (value), NULL);

  vals = (GValue *) value->data[0].v_pointer;
  if (vals != NULL) {
    return &vals[1];
  }

  return NULL;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_fraction_range (const GValue * value)
{
  GValue *vals = (GValue *) value->data[0].v_pointer;
  gchar *retval;

  if (vals == NULL) {
    retval = g_strdup ("[ 0/1, 0/1 ]");
  } else {
    gchar *start, *end;

    start = gst_value_serialize_fraction (&vals[0]);
    end = gst_value_serialize_fraction (&vals[1]);

    retval = g_strdup_printf ("[ %s, %s ]", start, end);
    g_free (start);
    g_free (end);
  }

  return retval;
}

static void
gst_value_transform_fraction_range_string (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_pointer =
      gst_value_serialize_fraction_range (src_value);
}

static gint
gst_value_compare_fraction_range (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  GValue *vals1, *vals2;

  if (value2->data[0].v_pointer == value1->data[0].v_pointer)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;     /* Only possible if both are NULL */

  if (value2->data[0].v_pointer == NULL || value1->data[0].v_pointer == NULL)
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

  vals1 = (GValue *) value1->data[0].v_pointer;
  vals2 = (GValue *) value2->data[0].v_pointer;
  if (gst_value_compare_fraction (&vals1[0], &vals2[0]) == GST_VALUE_EQUAL &&
      gst_value_compare_fraction (&vals1[1], &vals2[1]) == GST_VALUE_EQUAL)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_fraction_range (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  g_warning ("unimplemented");
  return FALSE;
}

/***********
 * GstCaps *
 ***********/

/**
 * gst_value_set_caps:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_CAPS
 * @caps: (transfer none): the caps to set the value to
 *
 * Sets the contents of @value to @caps. A reference to the
 * provided @caps will be taken by the @value.
 */
void
gst_value_set_caps (GValue * value, const GstCaps * caps)
{
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value));
  g_return_if_fail (G_VALUE_TYPE (value) == GST_TYPE_CAPS);
  g_return_if_fail (caps == NULL || GST_IS_CAPS (caps));

  g_value_set_boxed (value, caps);
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_caps:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_CAPS
 *
 * Gets the contents of @value. The reference count of the returned
 * #GstCaps will not be modified, therefore the caller must take one
 * before getting rid of the @value.
 *
 * Returns: (transfer none): the contents of @value
 */
const GstCaps *
gst_value_get_caps (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value), NULL);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_VALUE_TYPE (value) == GST_TYPE_CAPS, NULL);

  return (GstCaps *) g_value_get_boxed (value);
}

static gint
gst_value_compare_caps (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  GstCaps *caps1 = GST_CAPS (gst_value_get_caps (value1));
  GstCaps *caps2 = GST_CAPS (gst_value_get_caps (value2));

  if (caps1 == caps2)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  if (!caps1 || !caps2)
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

  if (gst_caps_is_equal (caps1, caps2))
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_caps (const GValue * value)
{
  GstCaps *caps = g_value_get_boxed (value);
  return priv_gst_string_take_and_wrap (gst_caps_to_string (caps));
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_caps (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  GstCaps *caps;

  if (*s != '"') {
    /* this can happen if caps are ANY, EMPTY, or only contains a single
     * empty structure */
    caps = gst_caps_from_string (s);
  } else {
    gchar *str = gst_string_unwrap (s);

    if (G_UNLIKELY (!str))
      return FALSE;

    caps = gst_caps_from_string (str);
    g_free (str);
  }

  if (caps) {
    g_value_take_boxed (dest, caps);
    return TRUE;
  }
  return FALSE;
}

/********************************************
 * Serialization/deserialization of GValues *
 ********************************************/

static GstValueAbbreviation *
_priv_gst_value_get_abbrs (gint * n_abbrs)
{
  static GstValueAbbreviation *abbrs = NULL;
  static gsize num = 0;

  if (g_once_init_enter (&num)) {
    /* dynamically generate the array */
    gsize _num;
    GstValueAbbreviation dyn_abbrs[] = {
      {"int", G_TYPE_INT}
      ,
      {"i", G_TYPE_INT}
      ,
      {"uint", G_TYPE_UINT}
      ,
      {"u", G_TYPE_UINT}
      ,
      {"float", G_TYPE_FLOAT}
      ,
      {"f", G_TYPE_FLOAT}
      ,
      {"double", G_TYPE_DOUBLE}
      ,
      {"d", G_TYPE_DOUBLE}
      ,
      {"buffer", GST_TYPE_BUFFER}
      ,
      {"fraction", GST_TYPE_FRACTION}
      ,
      {"boolean", G_TYPE_BOOLEAN}
      ,
      {"bool", G_TYPE_BOOLEAN}
      ,
      {"b", G_TYPE_BOOLEAN}
      ,
      {"string", G_TYPE_STRING}
      ,
      {"str", G_TYPE_STRING}
      ,
      {"s", G_TYPE_STRING}
      ,
      {"structure", GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE}
      ,
      {"date", G_TYPE_DATE}
      ,
      {"datetime", GST_TYPE_DATE_TIME}
      ,
      {"gdatetime", G_TYPE_DATE_TIME}
      ,
      {"bitmask", GST_TYPE_BITMASK}
      ,
      {"flagset", GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET}
      ,
      {"sample", GST_TYPE_SAMPLE}
      ,
      {"taglist", GST_TYPE_TAG_LIST}
      ,
      {"type", G_TYPE_GTYPE}
      ,
      {"array", GST_TYPE_ARRAY}
      ,
      {"list", GST_TYPE_LIST}
      ,
      {"uniquelist", GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST}
      ,
      {"caps", GST_TYPE_CAPS}
    };
    _num = G_N_ELEMENTS (dyn_abbrs);
    /* permanently allocate and copy the array now */
    abbrs = g_new0 (GstValueAbbreviation, _num);
    memcpy (abbrs, dyn_abbrs, sizeof (GstValueAbbreviation) * _num);
    g_once_init_leave (&num, _num);
  }
  *n_abbrs = num;

  return abbrs;
}

/* given a type_name that could be a type abbreviation or a registered GType,
 * return a matching GType */
static GType
_priv_gst_value_gtype_from_abbr (const char *type_name)
{
  int i;
  GstValueAbbreviation *abbrs;
  gint n_abbrs;
  GType ret;

  g_return_val_if_fail (type_name != NULL, G_TYPE_INVALID);

  abbrs = _priv_gst_value_get_abbrs (&n_abbrs);

  for (i = 0; i < n_abbrs; i++) {
    if (strcmp (type_name, abbrs[i].type_name) == 0) {
      return abbrs[i].type;
    }
  }

  /* this is the fallback */
  ret = g_type_from_name (type_name);
  /* If not found, try it as a dynamic type */
  if (G_UNLIKELY (ret == 0))
    ret = gst_dynamic_type_factory_load (type_name);
  return ret;

}

const char *
_priv_gst_value_gtype_to_abbr (GType type)
{
  int i;
  GstValueAbbreviation *abbrs;
  gint n_abbrs;

  g_return_val_if_fail (type != G_TYPE_INVALID, NULL);

  abbrs = _priv_gst_value_get_abbrs (&n_abbrs);

  for (i = 0; i < n_abbrs; i++) {
    if (type == abbrs[i].type) {
      return abbrs[i].type_name;
    }
  }

  return g_type_name (type);
}

/*
 * _priv_gst_value_parse_string:
 * @s: string to parse
 * @end: out-pointer to char behind end of string
 * @next: out-pointer to start of unread data
 * @unescape: @TRUE if the substring is escaped.
 *
 * Find the end of a sub-string. If end == next, the string will not be
 * null-terminated. In all other cases it will be.
 *
 * Note: This function modifies the string in @s (if unescape == @TRUE).
 *
 * Returns: @TRUE if a sub-string was found and @FALSE if the string is not
 * terminated.
 */
gboolean
_priv_gst_value_parse_string (gchar * s, gchar ** end, gchar ** next,
    gboolean unescape)
{
  gchar *w;

  if (*s == 0)
    return FALSE;

  if (*s != '"') {
    int ret = _priv_gst_value_parse_simple_string (s, end, '\0');
    *next = *end;

    return ret;
  }

  /* Find the closing quotes */
  if (unescape) {
    w = s;
    s++;
    while (*s != '"') {
      if (G_UNLIKELY (*s == 0))
        return FALSE;
      if (G_UNLIKELY (*s == '\\')) {
        s++;
        if (G_UNLIKELY (*s == 0))
          return FALSE;
      }
      *w = *s;
      w++;
      s++;
    }
    s++;
  } else {
    s++;
    while (*s != '"') {
      if (G_UNLIKELY (*s == 0))
        return FALSE;
      if (G_UNLIKELY (*s == '\\')) {
        s++;
        if (G_UNLIKELY (*s == 0))
          return FALSE;
      }
      s++;
    }
    s++;
    w = s;
  }

  *end = w;
  *next = s;

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
_priv_gst_value_parse_range (gchar * s, gchar ** after, GValue * value,
    GType type)
{
  GValue value1 = { 0 };
  GValue value2 = { 0 };
  GValue value3 = { 0 };
  GType range_type;
  gboolean ret, have_step = FALSE;

  if (*s != '[')
    return FALSE;
  s++;

  ret = _priv_gst_value_parse_value (s, &s, &value1, type, NULL);
  if (!ret)
    goto err;

  while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
    s++;

  if (*s != ',')
    goto err;
  s++;

  while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
    s++;

  ret = _priv_gst_value_parse_value (s, &s, &value2, type, NULL);
  if (!ret)
    goto err;

  while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
    s++;

  /* optional step for int and int64 */
  if (G_VALUE_TYPE (&value1) == G_TYPE_INT
      || G_VALUE_TYPE (&value1) == G_TYPE_INT64) {
    if (*s == ',') {
      s++;

      while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
        s++;

      ret = _priv_gst_value_parse_value (s, &s, &value3, type, NULL);
      if (!ret)
        goto err;

      while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
        s++;

      have_step = TRUE;
    }
  }

  if (*s != ']')
    goto err;
  s++;

  if (G_VALUE_TYPE (&value1) != G_VALUE_TYPE (&value2))
    return FALSE;
  if (have_step && G_VALUE_TYPE (&value1) != G_VALUE_TYPE (&value3))
    return FALSE;

  if (G_VALUE_TYPE (&value1) == G_TYPE_DOUBLE) {
    range_type = GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE;
    g_value_init (value, range_type);
    gst_value_set_double_range (value,
        gst_g_value_get_double_unchecked (&value1),
        gst_g_value_get_double_unchecked (&value2));
  } else if (G_VALUE_TYPE (&value1) == G_TYPE_INT) {
    range_type = GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE;
    g_value_init (value, range_type);
    if (have_step)
      gst_value_set_int_range_step (value,
          gst_g_value_get_int_unchecked (&value1),
          gst_g_value_get_int_unchecked (&value2),
          gst_g_value_get_int_unchecked (&value3));
    else
      gst_value_set_int_range (value, gst_g_value_get_int_unchecked (&value1),
          gst_g_value_get_int_unchecked (&value2));
  } else if (G_VALUE_TYPE (&value1) == G_TYPE_INT64) {
    range_type = GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE;
    g_value_init (value, range_type);
    if (have_step)
      gst_value_set_int64_range_step (value,
          gst_g_value_get_int64_unchecked (&value1),
          gst_g_value_get_int64_unchecked (&value2),
          gst_g_value_get_int64_unchecked (&value3));
    else
      gst_value_set_int64_range (value,
          gst_g_value_get_int64_unchecked (&value1),
          gst_g_value_get_int64_unchecked (&value2));
  } else if (G_VALUE_TYPE (&value1) == GST_TYPE_FRACTION) {
    range_type = GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE;
    g_value_init (value, range_type);
    gst_value_set_fraction_range (value, &value1, &value2);
  } else {
    goto err;
  }

  *after = s;
  return TRUE;

err:
  g_value_unset (value);
  g_value_unset (&value1);
  g_value_unset (&value2);
  g_value_unset (&value3);
  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
_priv_gst_value_parse_type_cast (gchar * s, gchar ** after, GType * type,
    GType * default_type)
{
  gchar *type_name = NULL;
  gchar *type_end = NULL;
  gchar c;

  while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
    s++;

  /* check if there's a (type_name) 'cast' */

  if (*s == '(') {
    s++;
    while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
      s++;
    type_name = s;
    if (G_UNLIKELY (!_priv_gst_value_parse_simple_string (s, &type_end, '/')))
      return FALSE;

    if (*s == '/') {
      /* No default type */
      s++;
      while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
        s++;
      type_name = s;
      if (G_UNLIKELY (!_priv_gst_value_parse_simple_string (s, &type_end,
                  '\0')))
        return FALSE;

      c = *type_end;
      *type_end = 0;
      *type = _priv_gst_value_gtype_from_abbr (type_name);
      *type_end = c;

      if (G_UNLIKELY (*type == G_TYPE_INVALID)) {
        GST_WARNING ("invalid type");
        return FALSE;
      }
    } else {
      /* default_type present */
      s = type_end;
      while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
        s++;

      if (*s == ')') {
        /* No container type present */
        s++;
        while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
          s++;
        c = *type_end;
        *type_end = 0;
        *default_type = _priv_gst_value_gtype_from_abbr (type_name);
        *type_end = c;

        if (G_UNLIKELY (*default_type == G_TYPE_INVALID)) {
          GST_WARNING ("invalid type");
          return FALSE;
        }

      } else if (*s == '/') {
        /* container type present */
        s++;
        while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
          s++;
        c = *type_end;
        *type_end = 0;
        *default_type = _priv_gst_value_gtype_from_abbr (type_name);
        *type_end = c;

        if (G_UNLIKELY (*default_type == G_TYPE_INVALID)) {
          GST_WARNING ("invalid type");
          return FALSE;
        }

        type_name = s;
        if (G_UNLIKELY (!_priv_gst_value_parse_simple_string (s, &type_end,
                    '\0')))
          return FALSE;

        c = *type_end;
        *type_end = 0;
        *type = _priv_gst_value_gtype_from_abbr (type_name);
        *type_end = c;

        if (G_UNLIKELY (*type == G_TYPE_INVALID)) {
          GST_WARNING ("invalid type");
          return FALSE;
        }
      } else {
        /* Invalid annotation */
        return FALSE;
      }
    }

    s = type_end;
    while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
      s++;
    if (G_UNLIKELY (*s != ')'))
      return FALSE;
    s++;
    while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
      s++;

  } else
    return FALSE;

  *after = s;
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
_priv_gst_value_parse_any_list (gchar * s, gchar ** after, GValue * value,
    GType type, char begin, char end, GParamSpec * pspec)
{
  GValue list_value = { 0 };
  gboolean ret;
  GstValueList *vlist = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value);
  GParamSpec *element_spec = NULL;
  GType list_type = G_VALUE_TYPE (value), default_type = type;

  if (_priv_gst_value_parse_type_cast (s, &s, &list_type, &default_type)) {
    if (list_type == G_TYPE_INVALID) {
      /* Assuming list for '{}' when cast type is not specified */
      list_type = GST_TYPE_LIST;
    }

    if (G_UNLIKELY (G_VALUE_TYPE (value) != list_type)) {
      GST_DEBUG ("value type doesn't match annotation list type");
      return FALSE;
    }
    type = default_type;
  }

  if (pspec) {
    element_spec = GST_PARAM_SPEC_ARRAY_LIST (pspec)->element_spec;
  }

  if (*s != begin)
    return FALSE;
  s++;

  while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
    s++;

  while (*s != end) {
    if (*s == ',') {
      s++;
      while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
        s++;

      if (*s == ',')
        return FALSE;

      continue;
    }

    memset (&list_value, 0, sizeof (list_value));

    ret = _priv_gst_value_parse_value (s, &s, &list_value, type, element_spec);
    if (!ret)
      return FALSE;

    _gst_value_list_append_val (vlist, &list_value);

    while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
      s++;

    if (*s != ',' && *s != end)
      return FALSE;
  }

  s++;

  *after = s;
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
_priv_gst_value_parse_list (gchar * s, gchar ** after, GValue * value,
    GType type, GParamSpec * pspec)
{
  return _priv_gst_value_parse_any_list (s, after, value, type, '{', '}',
      pspec);
}

static gboolean
_priv_gst_value_parse_array (gchar * s, gchar ** after, GValue * value,
    GType type, GParamSpec * pspec)
{
  return _priv_gst_value_parse_any_list (s, after, value, type, '<', '>',
      pspec);
}

gboolean
_priv_gst_value_parse_simple_string (gchar * str, gchar ** end, char delim)
{
  char *s = str;

  while (G_LIKELY (GST_ASCII_IS_STRING (*s) && (*s != delim))) {
    s++;
  }

  *end = s;

  return (s != str || *s == delim);
}

static gboolean
_priv_gst_value_parse_struct_or_caps (gchar * str, gchar ** after, GType type,
    GValue * value)
{
  gint openers = 1;
  gboolean ret = FALSE;
  gchar *s = str, t, *start, *end, *next;

  if (*s != '[')
    return FALSE;

  s++;
  str = s;
  for (; *s; s++) {
    if (*s == ']')
      openers--;
    else if (*s == '[')
      openers++;

    if (openers == 0) {
      *after = s + 1;
      break;
    }
  }

  if (*after == NULL)
    return FALSE;

  t = *s;
  *s = '\0';
  g_value_init (value, type);
  if (priv_gst_structure_parse_name (str, &start, &end, &next, TRUE))
    ret = gst_value_deserialize (value, str);
  if (G_UNLIKELY (!ret)) {
    *s = t;
    g_value_unset (value);
  }

  return ret;
}

static gboolean
_priv_gst_value_parse_range_struct_caps (gchar * s, gchar ** after,
    GValue * value, GType type)
{
  gint i;
  gchar *tmp = s;
  gboolean ret = FALSE;
  GType try_types[] = {
    GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE,
    GST_TYPE_CAPS,
  };

  if (type == GST_TYPE_CAPS || type == GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE)
    ret = _priv_gst_value_parse_struct_or_caps (tmp, &tmp, type, value);

  if (ret)
    goto ok;

  tmp = s;
  ret = _priv_gst_value_parse_range (tmp, &tmp, value, type);
  if (ret)
    goto ok;

  if (type != G_TYPE_INVALID)
    return ret;

  for (i = 0; i < G_N_ELEMENTS (try_types); i++) {
    tmp = s;
    ret = _priv_gst_value_parse_struct_or_caps (tmp, &tmp, try_types[i], value);
    if (ret)
      goto ok;
  }

  return ret;

ok:
  *after = tmp;
  return ret;
}

gboolean
_priv_gst_value_parse_value (gchar * str,
    gchar ** after, GValue * value, GType type, GParamSpec * pspec)
{
  gchar *value_s;
  gchar *value_end;
  gchar *s;
  int ret = 0;
  GType default_type = type, container_type = G_TYPE_INVALID;

  s = str;
  if (_priv_gst_value_parse_type_cast (s, &s, &container_type, &default_type)) {
    if (G_UNLIKELY (container_type != G_TYPE_INVALID && G_VALUE_TYPE (value)
            != G_TYPE_INVALID && G_VALUE_TYPE (value) != container_type)) {
      GST_DEBUG ("value type doesn't match annotation container type");
      return FALSE;
    }
    type = default_type;
  } else if (pspec) {
    type = G_PARAM_SPEC_VALUE_TYPE (pspec);
  }

  while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
    s++;
  if (*s == '[') {
    ret = _priv_gst_value_parse_range_struct_caps (s, &s, value, type);
  } else if (*s == '{') {
    if (container_type == G_TYPE_INVALID)
      container_type = GST_TYPE_LIST;
    g_value_init (value, container_type);
    ret = _priv_gst_value_parse_list (s, &s, value, type, pspec);
  } else if (*s == '<') {
    if (type == G_TYPE_STRV) {
      g_value_init (value, G_TYPE_STRV);
      ret = _priv_gst_value_parse_strv (s, (const gchar **) &s, value);
    } else {
      g_value_init (value, GST_TYPE_ARRAY);
      ret = _priv_gst_value_parse_array (s, &s, value, type, pspec);
    }
  } else {
    value_s = s;

    if (G_UNLIKELY (type == G_TYPE_INVALID)) {
      GType try_types[] =
          { G_TYPE_INT, G_TYPE_DOUBLE, GST_TYPE_FRACTION, GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET,
        G_TYPE_BOOLEAN, G_TYPE_STRING
      };
      int i;
      int value_size;
      gboolean check_wrapped_non_string;

      if (G_UNLIKELY (!_priv_gst_value_parse_string (s, &value_end, &s, FALSE)))
        return FALSE;
      /* Set NULL terminator for deserialization */
      value_size = value_end - value_s;
      value_s = g_strndup (value_s, value_end - value_s);
      /* Keep old broken behavior where "2" could be interpretted as an int */
      check_wrapped_non_string = value_s[0] == '"' &&
          strlen (value_s) >= 2 && value_end[-1] == '"';

      for (i = 0; i < G_N_ELEMENTS (try_types); i++) {
        g_value_init (value, try_types[i]);
        if (try_types[i] != G_TYPE_STRING && check_wrapped_non_string) {
          value_s[value_size - 1] = '\0';
          ret = gst_value_deserialize (value, value_s + 1);
          value_s[value_size - 1] = '"';
          if (ret) {
            const gchar *type_name = g_type_name (try_types[i]);

            g_warning ("Received a structure string that contains "
                "'=%s'. Reading as a %s value, rather than a string "
                "value. This is undesired behaviour, and with GStreamer 1.22 "
                " onward, this will be interpreted as a string value instead "
                "because it is wrapped in '\"' quotes. If you want to "
                "guarantee this value is read as a string, before this "
                "change, use '=(string)%s' instead. If you want to read "
                "in a %s value, leave its value unquoted.",
                value_s, type_name, value_s, type_name);
            break;
          }
        } else {
          ret = gst_value_deserialize (value, value_s);
          if (ret)
            break;
        }
        g_value_unset (value);
      }
    } else {
      g_value_init (value, type);

      if (G_UNLIKELY (!_priv_gst_value_parse_string (s, &value_end, &s, FALSE)))
        return FALSE;
      /* Set NULL terminator for deserialization */
      value_s = g_strndup (value_s, value_end - value_s);

      ret = gst_value_deserialize_with_pspec (value, value_s, pspec);
      if (G_UNLIKELY (!ret))
        g_value_unset (value);
    }
    g_free (value_s);
  }

  *after = s;

  return ret;
}

/**************
 * GstSegment *
 **************/

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_segment_internal (const GValue * value, gboolean escape)
{
  GstSegment *seg = g_value_get_boxed (value);
  gchar *t, *res;
  GstStructure *s;

  s = gst_structure_new_static_str ("segment",
      "flags", GST_TYPE_SEGMENT_FLAGS, seg->flags,
      "rate", G_TYPE_DOUBLE, seg->rate,
      "applied-rate", G_TYPE_DOUBLE, seg->applied_rate,
      "format", GST_TYPE_FORMAT, seg->format,
      "base", G_TYPE_UINT64, seg->base,
      "offset", G_TYPE_UINT64, seg->offset,
      "start", G_TYPE_UINT64, seg->start,
      "stop", G_TYPE_UINT64, seg->stop,
      "time", G_TYPE_UINT64, seg->time,
      "position", G_TYPE_UINT64, seg->position,
      "duration", G_TYPE_UINT64, seg->duration, NULL);

  t = gst_structure_to_string (s);
  if (escape) {
    res = g_strdup_printf ("\"%s\"", t);
    g_free (t);
  } else {
    res = t;
  }
  gst_structure_free (s);

  return res;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_segment (const GValue * value)
{
  return gst_value_serialize_segment_internal (value, TRUE);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_segment_internal (GValue * dest, const gchar * s,
    gboolean unescape)
{
  GstStructure *str;
  GstSegment seg;
  gboolean res;
  gsize len;
  gchar *t;

  if (unescape) {
    len = strlen (s);
    if (G_UNLIKELY (*s != '"' || len < 2 || s[len - 1] != '"')) {
      /* "\"" is not an accepted string, so len must be at least 2 */
      GST_ERROR ("Failed deserializing segement: expected string to start and "
          "end with '\"'");
      return FALSE;
    }
    t = g_strdup (s + 1);
    t[len - 2] = '\0';
    /* removed trailing '"' */
    str = gst_structure_from_string (t, NULL);
    g_free (t);
  } else {
    str = gst_structure_from_string (s, NULL);
  }
  if (G_UNLIKELY (str == NULL))
    return FALSE;

  res = gst_structure_get (str,
      "flags", GST_TYPE_SEGMENT_FLAGS, &seg.flags,
      "rate", G_TYPE_DOUBLE, &seg.rate,
      "applied-rate", G_TYPE_DOUBLE, &seg.applied_rate,
      "format", GST_TYPE_FORMAT, &seg.format,
      "base", G_TYPE_UINT64, &seg.base,
      "offset", G_TYPE_UINT64, &seg.offset,
      "start", G_TYPE_UINT64, &seg.start,
      "stop", G_TYPE_UINT64, &seg.stop,
      "time", G_TYPE_UINT64, &seg.time,
      "position", G_TYPE_UINT64, &seg.position,
      "duration", G_TYPE_UINT64, &seg.duration, NULL);
  gst_structure_free (str);

  if (res)
    g_value_set_boxed (dest, &seg);

  return res;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_segment (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  return gst_value_deserialize_segment_internal (dest, s, TRUE);
}

/****************
 * GstStructure *
 ****************/

/**
 * gst_value_set_structure:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE
 * @structure: the structure to set the value to
 *
 * Sets the contents of @value to @structure.
 */
void
gst_value_set_structure (GValue * value, const GstStructure * structure)
{
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value));
  g_return_if_fail (G_VALUE_TYPE (value) == GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE);
  g_return_if_fail (structure == NULL || GST_IS_STRUCTURE (structure));

  g_value_set_boxed (value, structure);
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_structure:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE
 *
 * Gets the contents of @value.
 *
 * Returns: (transfer none): the contents of @value
 */
const GstStructure *
gst_value_get_structure (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value), NULL);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_VALUE_TYPE (value) == GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE, NULL);

  return (GstStructure *) g_value_get_boxed (value);
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_structure (const GValue * value)
{
  GstStructure *structure = g_value_get_boxed (value);

  return priv_gst_string_take_and_wrap (gst_structure_to_string (structure));
  /* string should always end up being wrapped, since a structure string
   * ends in a ';' character */
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_structure (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  GstStructure *structure;

  if (*s != '"') {
    /* the output of gst_value_serialize_structure would never produce
     * such a string, but a user may pass to gst_structure_from_string
     * the string:
     *     name, sub=(GstStructure)sub-name, val=(int)5;
     * and expect sub to be read as an *empty* structure with the name
     * sub-name. Similar to
     *     name, caps=(GstCaps)video/x-raw, val=(int)5;
     * which gst_structure_to_string can produce. */
    structure = gst_structure_from_string (s, NULL);
  } else {
    gchar *str = gst_string_unwrap (s);

    if (G_UNLIKELY (!str))
      return FALSE;

    structure = gst_structure_from_string (str, NULL);
    g_free (str);
  }

  if (G_LIKELY (structure)) {
    g_value_take_boxed (dest, structure);
    return TRUE;
  }
  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_compare_structure (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  GstStructure *structure1 = GST_STRUCTURE (g_value_get_boxed (value1));
  GstStructure *structure2 = GST_STRUCTURE (g_value_get_boxed (value2));

  if (structure1 == structure2)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  if (!structure1 || !structure2)
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

  if (gst_structure_is_equal (structure1, structure2))
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

/*******************
 * GstCapsFeatures *
 *******************/

/**
 * gst_value_set_caps_features:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_CAPS_FEATURES
 * @features: the features to set the value to
 *
 * Sets the contents of @value to @features.
 */
void
gst_value_set_caps_features (GValue * value, const GstCapsFeatures * features)
{
  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value));
  g_return_if_fail (G_VALUE_TYPE (value) == GST_TYPE_CAPS_FEATURES);
  g_return_if_fail (features == NULL || GST_IS_CAPS_FEATURES (features));

  g_value_set_boxed (value, features);
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_caps_features:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to GST_TYPE_CAPS_FEATURES
 *
 * Gets the contents of @value.
 *
 * Returns: (transfer none): the contents of @value
 */
const GstCapsFeatures *
gst_value_get_caps_features (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value), NULL);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_VALUE_TYPE (value) == GST_TYPE_CAPS_FEATURES, NULL);

  return (GstCapsFeatures *) g_value_get_boxed (value);
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_caps_features (const GValue * value)
{
  GstCapsFeatures *features = g_value_get_boxed (value);

  return priv_gst_string_take_and_wrap (gst_caps_features_to_string (features));
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_caps_features (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  GstCapsFeatures *features;

  if (*s != '"') {
    /* This can happen if gst_caps_features_to_string only returns
     * ALL, NONE, or a single features name, which means it is not
     * actually wrapped by priv_gst_string_take_and_wrap */
    features = gst_caps_features_from_string (s);
  } else {
    gchar *str = gst_string_unwrap (s);

    if (G_UNLIKELY (!str))
      return FALSE;

    features = gst_caps_features_from_string (str);
    g_free (str);
  }

  if (G_LIKELY (features)) {
    g_value_take_boxed (dest, features);
    return TRUE;
  }
  return FALSE;
}

/**************
 * GstTagList *
 **************/
static gint
gst_value_compare_tag_list (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  GstTagList *taglist1 = GST_TAG_LIST (g_value_get_boxed (value1));
  GstTagList *taglist2 = GST_TAG_LIST (g_value_get_boxed (value2));

  if (gst_tag_list_is_equal (taglist1, taglist2))
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_tag_list (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  GstTagList *taglist;

  if (*s != '"') {
    /* the output of gst_value_serialize_tag_list would never produce
     * such a string, but a user may pass to gst_structure_from_string
     * the string:
     *     name, list=(GstTagList)taglist, val=(int)5;
     * and expect list to be read as an *empty* tag list. Similar to
     *     name, caps=(GstCaps)video/x-raw, val=(int)5;
     * which gst_structure_to_string can produce. */
    taglist = gst_tag_list_new_from_string (s);
  } else {
    gchar *str = gst_string_unwrap (s);

    if (G_UNLIKELY (!str))
      return FALSE;

    taglist = gst_tag_list_new_from_string (str);
    g_free (str);
  }

  if (G_LIKELY (taglist != NULL)) {
    g_value_take_boxed (dest, taglist);
    return TRUE;
  }
  return FALSE;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_tag_list (const GValue * value)
{
  GstTagList *taglist = g_value_get_boxed (value);

  return priv_gst_string_take_and_wrap (gst_tag_list_to_string (taglist));
  /* string should always end up being wrapped, since a taglist (structure)
   * string ends in a ';' character */
}


/*************
 * GstBuffer *
 *************/

static gint
compare_buffer (GstBuffer * buf1, GstBuffer * buf2)
{
  /* keep this implementation synced with gst_hash_buffer() */
  gsize size1, size2;
  GstMapInfo info1, info2;
  gint result, mret;

  if (buf1 == buf2)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  size1 = gst_buffer_get_size (buf1);
  size2 = gst_buffer_get_size (buf2);

  if (size1 != size2)
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

  if (size1 == 0)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  if (!gst_buffer_map (buf1, &info1, GST_MAP_READ))
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

  if (!gst_buffer_map (buf2, &info2, GST_MAP_READ)) {
    gst_buffer_unmap (buf1, &info1);
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
  }

  mret = memcmp (info1.data, info2.data, info1.size);
  if (mret == 0)
    result = GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
  else if (mret < 0)
    result = GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;
  else
    result = GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN;

  gst_buffer_unmap (buf1, &info1);
  gst_buffer_unmap (buf2, &info2);

  return result;
}

static gint
gst_value_compare_buffer (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  GstBuffer *buf1 = gst_value_get_buffer (value1);
  GstBuffer *buf2 = gst_value_get_buffer (value2);

  return compare_buffer (buf1, buf2);
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_buffer (const GValue * value)
{
  GstMapInfo info;
  guint8 *data;
  gint i;
  gchar *string;
  GstBuffer *buffer;

  buffer = gst_value_get_buffer (value);
  if (buffer == NULL)
    return NULL;

  if (!gst_buffer_map (buffer, &info, GST_MAP_READ))
    return NULL;

  data = info.data;

  string = g_malloc (info.size * 2 + 1);
  for (i = 0; i < info.size; i++) {
    sprintf (string + i * 2, "%02x", data[i]);
  }
  string[info.size * 2] = 0;

  gst_buffer_unmap (buffer, &info);

  return string;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_buffer (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  GstBuffer *buffer;
  gint len;
  gchar ts[3];
  GstMapInfo info;
  guint8 *data;
  gint i;

  len = strlen (s);
  if (len & 1)
    goto wrong_length;

  buffer = gst_buffer_new_allocate (NULL, len / 2, NULL);
  if (!gst_buffer_map (buffer, &info, GST_MAP_WRITE))
    goto map_failed;
  data = info.data;

  for (i = 0; i < len / 2; i++) {
    if (!isxdigit ((int) s[i * 2]) || !isxdigit ((int) s[i * 2 + 1]))
      goto wrong_char;

    ts[0] = s[i * 2 + 0];
    ts[1] = s[i * 2 + 1];
    ts[2] = 0;

    data[i] = (guint8) strtoul (ts, NULL, 16);
  }
  gst_buffer_unmap (buffer, &info);

  gst_value_take_buffer (dest, buffer);

  return TRUE;

  /* ERRORS */
wrong_length:
  {
    return FALSE;
  }
map_failed:
  {
    return FALSE;
  }
wrong_char:
  {
    gst_buffer_unref (buffer);
    gst_buffer_unmap (buffer, &info);
    return FALSE;
  }
}

/*************
 * GstSample *
 *************/

/* This function is mostly used for comparing image/buffer tags in taglists */
static gint
gst_value_compare_sample (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  /* keep this implementation synced with gst_value_hash_sample() */
  GstBuffer *buf1 = gst_sample_get_buffer (gst_value_get_sample (value1));
  GstBuffer *buf2 = gst_sample_get_buffer (gst_value_get_sample (value2));

  /* FIXME: should we take into account anything else such as caps? */
  return compare_buffer (buf1, buf2);
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_sample (const GValue * value)
{
  const GstStructure *info_structure;
  GstSegment *segment;
  GstBuffer *buffer;
  GstCaps *caps;
  GstSample *sample;
  GValue val = { 0, };
  gchar *info_str, *caps_str, *tmp;
  gchar *buf_str, *seg_str, *s;

  sample = g_value_get_boxed (value);

  buffer = gst_sample_get_buffer (sample);
  if (buffer) {
    g_value_init (&val, GST_TYPE_BUFFER);
    g_value_set_boxed (&val, buffer);
    buf_str = gst_value_serialize_buffer (&val);
    g_value_unset (&val);
  } else {
    buf_str = g_strdup ("None");
  }

  caps = gst_sample_get_caps (sample);
  if (caps) {
    tmp = gst_caps_to_string (caps);
    caps_str = g_base64_encode ((guchar *) tmp, strlen (tmp) + 1);
    g_strdelimit (caps_str, "=", '_');
    g_free (tmp);
  } else {
    caps_str = g_strdup ("None");
  }

  segment = gst_sample_get_segment (sample);
  if (segment) {
    g_value_init (&val, GST_TYPE_SEGMENT);
    g_value_set_boxed (&val, segment);
    tmp = gst_value_serialize_segment_internal (&val, FALSE);
    seg_str = g_base64_encode ((guchar *) tmp, strlen (tmp) + 1);
    g_strdelimit (seg_str, "=", '_');
    g_free (tmp);
    g_value_unset (&val);
  } else {
    seg_str = g_strdup ("None");
  }

  info_structure = gst_sample_get_info (sample);
  if (info_structure) {
    tmp = gst_structure_to_string (info_structure);
    info_str = g_base64_encode ((guchar *) tmp, strlen (tmp) + 1);
    g_strdelimit (info_str, "=", '_');
    g_free (tmp);
  } else {
    info_str = g_strdup ("None");
  }

  s = g_strconcat (buf_str, ":", caps_str, ":", seg_str, ":", info_str, NULL);
  g_free (buf_str);
  g_free (caps_str);
  g_free (seg_str);
  g_free (info_str);

  return s;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_sample (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  GValue bval = G_VALUE_INIT, sval = G_VALUE_INIT;
  GstStructure *info;
  GstSample *sample;
  GstCaps *caps = NULL;
  gboolean ret = FALSE;
  gchar **fields;
  gsize outlen;
  gint len;

  GST_TRACE ("deserialize '%s'", s);

  fields = g_strsplit (s, ":", -1);
  len = g_strv_length (fields);
  if (len != 4)
    goto wrong_length;

  g_value_init (&bval, GST_TYPE_BUFFER);
  g_value_init (&sval, GST_TYPE_SEGMENT);

  if (!gst_value_deserialize_buffer (&bval, fields[0]))
    goto fail;

  if (strcmp (fields[1], "None") != 0) {
    g_strdelimit (fields[1], "_", '=');
    g_base64_decode_inplace (fields[1], &outlen);
    GST_TRACE ("caps    : %s", fields[1]);
    caps = gst_caps_from_string (fields[1]);
    if (caps == NULL)
      goto fail;
  }

  if (strcmp (fields[2], "None") != 0) {
    g_strdelimit (fields[2], "_", '=');
    g_base64_decode_inplace (fields[2], &outlen);
    GST_TRACE ("segment : %s", fields[2]);
    if (!gst_value_deserialize_segment_internal (&sval, fields[2], FALSE))
      goto fail;
  }

  if (strcmp (fields[3], "None") != 0) {
    g_strdelimit (fields[3], "_", '=');
    g_base64_decode_inplace (fields[3], &outlen);
    GST_TRACE ("info    : %s", fields[3]);
    info = gst_structure_from_string (fields[3], NULL);
    if (info == NULL)
      goto fail;
  } else {
    info = NULL;
  }

  sample = gst_sample_new (gst_value_get_buffer (&bval), caps,
      g_value_get_boxed (&sval), info);

  g_value_take_boxed (dest, sample);

  ret = TRUE;

fail:
  if (caps)
    gst_caps_unref (caps);
  g_value_unset (&bval);
  g_value_unset (&sval);

wrong_length:

  g_strfreev (fields);

  return ret;
}

/***********
 * boolean *
 ***********/

static gint
gst_value_compare_boolean (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  if ((value1->data[0].v_int != 0) == (value2->data[0].v_int != 0))
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_boolean (const GValue * value)
{
  if (value->data[0].v_int) {
    return g_strdup ("true");
  }
  return g_strdup ("false");
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_boolean (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  gboolean ret = FALSE;

  if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "true") == 0 ||
      g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "yes") == 0 ||
      g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "t") == 0 || strcmp (s, "1") == 0) {
    g_value_set_boolean (dest, TRUE);
    ret = TRUE;
  } else if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "false") == 0 ||
      g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "no") == 0 ||
      g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "f") == 0 || strcmp (s, "0") == 0) {
    g_value_set_boolean (dest, FALSE);
    ret = TRUE;
  }

  return ret;
}

#define CREATE_SERIALIZATION_START(_type,_macro)                        \
static gint                                                             \
gst_value_compare_ ## _type                                             \
(const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)                          \
{                                                                       \
  g ## _type val1 = g_value_get_ ## _type (value1);                     \
  g ## _type val2 = g_value_get_ ## _type (value2);                     \
  if (val1 > val2)                                                      \
    return GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN;                                      \
  if (val1 < val2)                                                      \
    return GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;                                         \
  return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;                                               \
}                                                                       \
                                                                        \
static gchar *                                                          \
gst_value_serialize_ ## _type (const GValue * value)                    \
{                                                                       \
  GValue val = { 0, };                                                  \
  g_value_init (&val, G_TYPE_STRING);                                   \
  if (!g_value_transform (value, &val))                                 \
    g_assert_not_reached ();                                            \
  /* NO_COPY_MADNESS!!! */                                              \
  return (char *) g_value_get_string (&val);                            \
}

/* deserialize the given s into to as a gint64.
 * check if the result is actually storeable in the given size number of
 * bytes.
 */
static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_int_helper (gint64 * to, const gchar * s,
    gint64 min, gint64 max, gint size)
{
  gboolean ret = FALSE;
  gchar *end;
  guint64 mask = ~0;

  errno = 0;
  *to = g_ascii_strtoull (s, &end, 0);
  /* a range error is a definitive no-no */
  if (errno == ERANGE) {
    return FALSE;
  }

  if (*end == 0) {
    ret = TRUE;
  } else {
    if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "little_endian") == 0) {
      *to = G_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
      ret = TRUE;
    } else if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "big_endian") == 0) {
      *to = G_BIG_ENDIAN;
      ret = TRUE;
    } else if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "byte_order") == 0) {
      *to = G_BYTE_ORDER;
      ret = TRUE;
    } else if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "min") == 0) {
      *to = min;
      ret = TRUE;
    } else if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "max") == 0) {
      *to = max;
      ret = TRUE;
    }
  }
  if (ret) {
    /* by definition, a gint64 fits into a gint64; so ignore those */
    if (size != sizeof (mask)) {
      if (*to >= 0) {
        /* for positive numbers, we create a mask of 1's outside of the range
         * and 0's inside the range.  An and will thus keep only 1 bits
         * outside of the range */
        mask <<= (size * 8);
        if ((mask & *to) != 0) {
          ret = FALSE;
        }
      } else {
        /* for negative numbers, we do a 2's complement version */
        mask <<= ((size * 8) - 1);
        if ((mask & *to) != mask) {
          ret = FALSE;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  return ret;
}

#define CREATE_SERIALIZATION(_type,_macro)                              \
CREATE_SERIALIZATION_START(_type,_macro)                                \
                                                                        \
static gboolean                                                         \
gst_value_deserialize_ ## _type (GValue * dest, const gchar *s)         \
{                                                                       \
  gint64 x;                                                             \
                                                                        \
  if (gst_value_deserialize_int_helper (&x, s, G_MIN ## _macro,         \
      G_MAX ## _macro, sizeof (g ## _type))) {                          \
    g_value_set_ ## _type (dest, /*(g ## _type)*/ x);                   \
    return TRUE;                                                        \
  } else {                                                              \
    return FALSE;                                                       \
  }                                                                     \
}

#define CREATE_USERIALIZATION(_type,_macro)                             \
CREATE_SERIALIZATION_START(_type,_macro)                                \
                                                                        \
static gboolean                                                         \
gst_value_deserialize_ ## _type (GValue * dest, const gchar *s)         \
{                                                                       \
  gint64 x;                                                             \
  gchar *end;                                                           \
  gboolean ret = FALSE;                                                 \
                                                                        \
  errno = 0;                                                            \
  x = g_ascii_strtoull (s, &end, 0);                                    \
  /* a range error is a definitive no-no */                             \
  if (errno == ERANGE) {                                                \
    return FALSE;                                                       \
  }                                                                     \
  /* the cast ensures the range check later on makes sense */           \
  x = (g ## _type) x;                                                   \
  if (*end == 0) {                                                      \
    ret = TRUE;                                                         \
  } else {                                                              \
    if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "little_endian") == 0) {                 \
      x = G_LITTLE_ENDIAN;                                              \
      ret = TRUE;                                                       \
    } else if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "big_endian") == 0) {             \
      x = G_BIG_ENDIAN;                                                 \
      ret = TRUE;                                                       \
    } else if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "byte_order") == 0) {             \
      x = G_BYTE_ORDER;                                                 \
      ret = TRUE;                                                       \
    } else if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "min") == 0) {                    \
      x = 0;                                                            \
      ret = TRUE;                                                       \
    } else if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "max") == 0) {                    \
      x = G_MAX ## _macro;                                              \
      ret = TRUE;                                                       \
    }                                                                   \
  }                                                                     \
  if (ret) {                                                            \
    if (x > G_MAX ## _macro) {                                          \
      ret = FALSE;                                                      \
    } else {                                                            \
      g_value_set_ ## _type (dest, x);                                  \
    }                                                                   \
  }                                                                     \
  return ret;                                                           \
}

CREATE_SERIALIZATION (int, INT);
CREATE_SERIALIZATION (int64, INT64);
CREATE_SERIALIZATION (long, LONG);

CREATE_USERIALIZATION (uint, UINT);
CREATE_USERIALIZATION (uint64, UINT64);
CREATE_USERIALIZATION (ulong, ULONG);

/* FIXME 2.0: remove this again, plugins shouldn't have uchar properties */
#ifndef G_MAXUCHAR
#define G_MAXUCHAR 255
#endif
CREATE_USERIALIZATION (uchar, UCHAR);

/**********
 * double *
 **********/
static gint
gst_value_compare_double (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  if (value1->data[0].v_double > value2->data[0].v_double)
    return GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN;
  if (value1->data[0].v_double < value2->data[0].v_double)
    return GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;
  if (value1->data[0].v_double == value2->data[0].v_double)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_double (const GValue * value)
{
  gchar d[G_ASCII_DTOSTR_BUF_SIZE];

  g_ascii_dtostr (d, G_ASCII_DTOSTR_BUF_SIZE, value->data[0].v_double);
  return g_strdup (d);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_double (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  gdouble x;
  gboolean ret = FALSE;
  gchar *end;

  x = g_ascii_strtod (s, &end);
  if (*end == 0) {
    ret = TRUE;
  } else {
    if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "min") == 0) {
      x = -G_MAXDOUBLE;
      ret = TRUE;
    } else if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "max") == 0) {
      x = G_MAXDOUBLE;
      ret = TRUE;
    }
  }
  if (ret) {
    g_value_set_double (dest, x);
  }
  return ret;
}

/*********
 * float *
 *********/

static gint
gst_value_compare_float (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  if (value1->data[0].v_float > value2->data[0].v_float)
    return GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN;
  if (value1->data[0].v_float < value2->data[0].v_float)
    return GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;
  if (value1->data[0].v_float == value2->data[0].v_float)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_float (const GValue * value)
{
  gchar d[G_ASCII_DTOSTR_BUF_SIZE];

  g_ascii_dtostr (d, G_ASCII_DTOSTR_BUF_SIZE, value->data[0].v_float);
  return g_strdup (d);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_float (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  gdouble x;
  gboolean ret = FALSE;
  gchar *end;

  x = g_ascii_strtod (s, &end);
  if (*end == 0) {
    ret = TRUE;
  } else {
    if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "min") == 0) {
      x = -G_MAXFLOAT;
      ret = TRUE;
    } else if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "max") == 0) {
      x = G_MAXFLOAT;
      ret = TRUE;
    }
  }
  if (x > G_MAXFLOAT || x < -G_MAXFLOAT)
    ret = FALSE;
  if (ret) {
    g_value_set_float (dest, (float) x);
  }
  return ret;
}

/**********
 * string *
 **********/

static gint
gst_value_compare_string (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  if (G_UNLIKELY (!value1->data[0].v_pointer || !value2->data[0].v_pointer)) {
    /* if only one is NULL, no match - otherwise both NULL == EQUAL */
    if (value1->data[0].v_pointer != value2->data[0].v_pointer)
      return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
  } else {
    gint x = strcmp (value1->data[0].v_pointer, value2->data[0].v_pointer);

    if (x < 0)
      return GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;
    if (x > 0)
      return GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN;
  }

  return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
}

static gint
gst_string_measure_wrapping (const gchar * s)
{
  gint len;
  gboolean wrap = FALSE;

  if (G_UNLIKELY (s == NULL))
    return -1;

  /* Special case: the actual string NULL needs wrapping */
  if (G_UNLIKELY (strcmp (s, "NULL") == 0))
    return 4;

  len = 0;
  while (*s) {
    if (GST_ASCII_IS_STRING (*s)) {
      len++;
    } else if (*s < 0x20 || *s >= 0x7f) {
      wrap = TRUE;
      len += 4;
    } else {
      wrap = TRUE;
      len += 2;
    }
    s++;
  }

  /* Wrap the string if we found something that needs
   * wrapping, or the empty string (len == 0) */
  return (wrap || len == 0) ? len : -1;
}

static gchar *
gst_string_wrap_inner (const gchar * s, gint len)
{
  gchar *d, *e;

  e = d = g_malloc (len + 3);

  *e++ = '\"';
  while (*s) {
    if (GST_ASCII_IS_STRING (*s)) {
      *e++ = *s++;
    } else if (*s < 0x20 || *s >= 0x7f) {
      *e++ = '\\';
      *e++ = '0' + ((*(guchar *) s) >> 6);
      *e++ = '0' + (((*s) >> 3) & 0x7);
      *e++ = '0' + ((*s++) & 0x7);
    } else {
      *e++ = '\\';
      *e++ = *s++;
    }
  }
  *e++ = '\"';
  *e = 0;

  g_assert (e - d <= len + 3);
  return d;
}

/* Do string wrapping/escaping */
static gchar *
gst_string_wrap (const gchar * s)
{
  gint len = gst_string_measure_wrapping (s);

  if (G_LIKELY (len < 0))
    return g_strdup (s);

  return gst_string_wrap_inner (s, len);
}

/* Same as above, but take ownership of the string */
gchar *
priv_gst_string_take_and_wrap (gchar * s)
{
  gchar *out;
  gint len = gst_string_measure_wrapping (s);

  if (G_LIKELY (len < 0))
    return s;

  out = gst_string_wrap_inner (s, len);
  g_free (s);

  return out;
}

/*
 * This function takes a string delimited with double quotes (")
 * and unescapes any \xxx octal numbers.
 *
 * If sequences of \y are found where y is not in the range of
 * 0->3, y is copied unescaped.
 *
 * If \xyy is found where x is an octal number but y is not, an
 * error is encountered and %NULL is returned.
 *
 * the input string must be \0 terminated.
 */
static gchar *
gst_string_unwrap (const gchar * s)
{
  gchar *ret;
  gchar *read, *write;

  /* NULL string returns NULL */
  if (s == NULL)
    return NULL;

  /* strings not starting with " are invalid */
  if (*s != '"')
    return NULL;

  /* make copy of original string to hold the result. This
   * string will always be smaller than the original */
  ret = g_strdup (s);
  read = ret;
  write = ret;

  /* need to move to the next position as we parsed the " */
  read++;

  while (*read) {
    if (GST_ASCII_IS_STRING (*read)) {
      /* normal chars are just copied */
      *write++ = *read++;
    } else if (*read == '"') {
      /* quote marks end of string */
      break;
    } else if (*read == '\\') {
      /* got an escape char, move to next position to read a tripplet
       * of octal numbers */
      read++;
      /* is the next char a possible first octal number? */
      if (*read >= '0' && *read <= '3') {
        /* parse other 2 numbers, if one of them is not in the range of
         * an octal number, we error. We also catch the case where a zero
         * byte is found here. */
        if (read[1] < '0' || read[1] > '7' || read[2] < '0' || read[2] > '7')
          goto beach;

        /* now convert the octal number to a byte again. */
        *write++ = ((read[0] - '0') << 6) +
            ((read[1] - '0') << 3) + (read[2] - '0');

        read += 3;
      } else {
        /* if we run into a \0 here, we definitely won't get a quote later */
        if (*read == 0)
          goto beach;
        /* else copy \X sequence */
        *write++ = *read++;
      }
    } else if (*read == '\0') {
      goto beach;
    } else {
      *write++ = *read++;
    }
  }
  /* if the string is not ending in " and zero terminated, we error */
  if (*read != '"' || read[1] != '\0')
    goto beach;

  /* null terminate result string and return */
  *write = '\0';
  return ret;

beach:
  g_free (ret);
  return NULL;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_string (const GValue * value)
{
  return gst_string_wrap (value->data[0].v_pointer);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_string (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  if (G_UNLIKELY (strcmp (s, "NULL") == 0)) {
    g_value_set_string (dest, NULL);
    return TRUE;
  } else if (G_LIKELY (*s != '"' || s[strlen (s) - 1] != '"')) {
    if (!g_utf8_validate (s, -1, NULL))
      return FALSE;
    g_value_set_string (dest, s);
    return TRUE;
  } else {
    /* strings delimited with double quotes should be unwrapped */
    gchar *str = gst_string_unwrap (s);
    if (G_UNLIKELY (!str))
      return FALSE;
    if (!g_utf8_validate (str, -1, NULL)) {
      g_free (str);
      return FALSE;
    }
    g_value_take_string (dest, str);
  }

  return TRUE;
}

/********
 * enum *
 ********/

static gint
gst_value_compare_enum (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  GEnumValue *en1, *en2;
  GEnumClass *klass1 = (GEnumClass *) g_type_class_ref (G_VALUE_TYPE (value1));
  GEnumClass *klass2 = (GEnumClass *) g_type_class_ref (G_VALUE_TYPE (value2));

  g_return_val_if_fail (klass1, GST_VALUE_UNORDERED);
  g_return_val_if_fail (klass2, GST_VALUE_UNORDERED);
  en1 = g_enum_get_value (klass1, g_value_get_enum (value1));
  en2 = g_enum_get_value (klass2, g_value_get_enum (value2));
  g_type_class_unref (klass1);
  g_type_class_unref (klass2);
  g_return_val_if_fail (en1, GST_VALUE_UNORDERED);
  g_return_val_if_fail (en2, GST_VALUE_UNORDERED);
  if (en1->value < en2->value)
    return GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;
  if (en1->value > en2->value)
    return GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN;

  return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_enum (const GValue * value)
{
  GEnumValue *en;
  GEnumClass *klass = (GEnumClass *) g_type_class_ref (G_VALUE_TYPE (value));

  g_return_val_if_fail (klass, NULL);
  en = g_enum_get_value (klass, g_value_get_enum (value));
  g_type_class_unref (klass);

  /* might be one of the custom formats registered later */
  if (G_UNLIKELY (en == NULL && G_VALUE_TYPE (value) == GST_TYPE_FORMAT)) {
    const GstFormatDefinition *format_def;

    format_def = gst_format_get_details ((GstFormat) g_value_get_enum (value));
    g_return_val_if_fail (format_def != NULL, NULL);
    return g_strdup (format_def->description);
  }

  g_return_val_if_fail (en, NULL);
  return g_strdup (en->value_nick);
}

static gint
gst_value_deserialize_enum_iter_cmp (const GValue * format_def_value,
    const gchar * s)
{
  const GstFormatDefinition *format_def =
      g_value_get_pointer (format_def_value);

  if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, format_def->nick) == 0)
    return 0;

  return g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, format_def->description);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_enum (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  GEnumValue *en;
  gchar *endptr = NULL;
  GEnumClass *klass = (GEnumClass *) g_type_class_ref (G_VALUE_TYPE (dest));

  g_return_val_if_fail (klass, FALSE);
  if (!(en = g_enum_get_value_by_name (klass, s))) {
    if (!(en = g_enum_get_value_by_nick (klass, s))) {
      gint i = strtol (s, &endptr, 0);

      if (endptr && *endptr == '\0') {
        en = g_enum_get_value (klass, i);
      }
    }
  }
  g_type_class_unref (klass);

  /* might be one of the custom formats registered later */
  if (G_UNLIKELY (en == NULL && G_VALUE_TYPE (dest) == GST_TYPE_FORMAT)) {
    GValue res = { 0, };
    const GstFormatDefinition *format_def;
    GstIterator *iter;
    gboolean found;

    iter = gst_format_iterate_definitions ();

    found = gst_iterator_find_custom (iter,
        (GCompareFunc) gst_value_deserialize_enum_iter_cmp, &res, (gpointer) s);

    if (found) {
      format_def = g_value_get_pointer (&res);
      g_return_val_if_fail (format_def != NULL, FALSE);
      g_value_set_enum (dest, (gint) format_def->value);
      g_value_unset (&res);
    }
    gst_iterator_free (iter);
    return found;
  }

  /* enum name/nick not found */
  if (en == NULL)
    return FALSE;

  g_value_set_enum (dest, en->value);
  return TRUE;
}

/********
 * flags *
 ********/

/* we just compare the value here */
static gint
gst_value_compare_gflags (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  guint fl1, fl2;
  GFlagsClass *klass1 =
      (GFlagsClass *) g_type_class_ref (G_VALUE_TYPE (value1));
  GFlagsClass *klass2 =
      (GFlagsClass *) g_type_class_ref (G_VALUE_TYPE (value2));

  g_return_val_if_fail (klass1, GST_VALUE_UNORDERED);
  g_return_val_if_fail (klass2, GST_VALUE_UNORDERED);
  fl1 = g_value_get_flags (value1);
  fl2 = g_value_get_flags (value2);
  g_type_class_unref (klass1);
  g_type_class_unref (klass2);
  if (fl1 < fl2)
    return GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;
  if (fl1 > fl2)
    return GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN;

  return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
}

/* the different flags are serialized separated with a + */
static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_gflags (const GValue * value)
{
  guint flags;
  GFlagsValue *fl;
  GFlagsClass *klass = (GFlagsClass *) g_type_class_ref (G_VALUE_TYPE (value));
  gchar *result, *tmp;
  gboolean first = TRUE;

  g_return_val_if_fail (klass, NULL);

  flags = g_value_get_flags (value);

  /* if no flags are set, try to serialize to the _NONE string */
  if (!flags) {
    fl = g_flags_get_first_value (klass, flags);
    if (fl)
      return g_strdup (fl->value_name);
    else
      return g_strdup ("0");
  }

  /* some flags are set, so serialize one by one */
  result = g_strdup ("");
  while (flags) {
    fl = g_flags_get_first_value (klass, flags);
    if (fl == NULL) {
      if (flags) {
        g_critical ("Could not serialize invalid flags 0x%x of type %s",
            flags, G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value));
        g_free (result);
        result = g_strdup ("0");
      }
      break;
    }

    tmp = g_strconcat (result, (first ? "" : "+"), fl->value_name, NULL);
    g_free (result);
    result = tmp;
    first = FALSE;

    /* clear flag */
    flags &= ~fl->value;
  }
  g_type_class_unref (klass);

  return result;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_gflags_str_to_flags (GFlagsClass * klass, const gchar * s,
    guint * out_flags, guint * out_mask)
{
  GFlagsValue *fl;
  gchar delimiter;
  const gchar *pos = NULL;
  const gchar *next;
  gchar *cur_str, *endptr;
  guint flags = 0;
  guint mask = 0;
  guint val;

  g_return_val_if_fail (klass, FALSE);

  /* split into parts delimited with + or / and
   * compose the set of flags and mask. */
  pos = s;

  if (*pos == '\0')
    goto done;                  /* Empty string, nothing to do */

  /* As a special case if the first char isn't a delimiter, assume
   * it's a '+' - for GFlags strings, which don't start with a
   * delimiter, while GFlagSet always will */
  if (*pos == '/' || *pos == '+') {
    delimiter = *pos;
    pos++;
  } else {
    delimiter = '+';
  }

  do {
    /* Find the next delimiter */
    next = pos;
    while (*next != '\0' && *next != '+' && *next != '/')
      next++;
    cur_str = g_strndup (pos, next - pos);

    if ((fl = g_flags_get_value_by_name (klass, cur_str)))
      val = fl->value;
    else if ((fl = g_flags_get_value_by_nick (klass, cur_str)))
      val = fl->value;
    else {
      val = strtoul (cur_str, &endptr, 0);
      /* direct numeric value */
      if (endptr == NULL || *endptr != '\0') {
        g_free (cur_str);
        return FALSE;           /* Invalid numeric or string we can't convert */
      }
    }
    g_free (cur_str);

    if (val) {
      mask |= val;
      if (delimiter == '+')
        flags |= val;
    }

    /* Advance to the next delimiter */
    pos = next;
    delimiter = *pos;
    pos++;
  } while (delimiter != '\0');

done:
  if (out_flags)
    *out_flags = flags;
  if (out_mask)
    *out_mask = mask;

  return TRUE;
}


static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_gflags (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  GFlagsClass *klass = (GFlagsClass *) g_type_class_ref (G_VALUE_TYPE (dest));
  gboolean res = FALSE;
  guint flags = 0;

  if (gst_value_gflags_str_to_flags (klass, s, &flags, NULL)) {
    g_value_set_flags (dest, flags);
    res = TRUE;
  }

  g_type_class_unref (klass);

  return res;
}

/*********
 * gtype *
 *********/

static gint
gst_value_compare_gtype (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  if (value1->data[0].v_pointer == value2->data[0].v_pointer)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_gtype (const GValue * value)
{
  return g_strdup (g_type_name (g_value_get_gtype (value)));
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_gtype (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  GType t = g_type_from_name (s);
  gboolean ret = TRUE;

  if (t == G_TYPE_INVALID)
    ret = FALSE;
  if (ret) {
    g_value_set_gtype (dest, t);
  }
  return ret;
}

/****************
 * subset *
 ****************/

static gboolean
gst_value_is_subset_int_range_int_range (const GValue * value1,
    const GValue * value2)
{
  gint gcd;

  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT_RANGE (value1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT_RANGE (value2), FALSE);

  if (INT_RANGE_MIN (value1) * INT_RANGE_STEP (value1) <
      INT_RANGE_MIN (value2) * INT_RANGE_STEP (value2))
    return FALSE;
  if (INT_RANGE_MAX (value1) * INT_RANGE_STEP (value1) >
      INT_RANGE_MAX (value2) * INT_RANGE_STEP (value2))
    return FALSE;

  if (INT_RANGE_MIN (value2) == INT_RANGE_MAX (value2)) {
    if ((INT_RANGE_MIN (value2) * INT_RANGE_STEP (value2)) %
        INT_RANGE_STEP (value1))
      return FALSE;
    return TRUE;
  }

  gcd =
      gst_util_greatest_common_divisor (INT_RANGE_STEP (value1),
      INT_RANGE_STEP (value2));
  if (gcd != MIN (INT_RANGE_STEP (value1), INT_RANGE_STEP (value2)))
    return FALSE;

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_is_subset_int64_range_int64_range (const GValue * value1,
    const GValue * value2)
{
  gint64 gcd;

  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT64_RANGE (value1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT64_RANGE (value2), FALSE);

  if (INT64_RANGE_MIN (value1) < INT64_RANGE_MIN (value2))
    return FALSE;
  if (INT64_RANGE_MAX (value1) > INT64_RANGE_MAX (value2))
    return FALSE;

  if (INT64_RANGE_MIN (value2) == INT64_RANGE_MAX (value2)) {
    if ((INT64_RANGE_MIN (value2) * INT64_RANGE_STEP (value2)) %
        INT64_RANGE_STEP (value1))
      return FALSE;
    return TRUE;
  }

  gcd =
      gst_util_greatest_common_divisor_int64 (INT64_RANGE_STEP (value1),
      INT64_RANGE_STEP (value2));
  if (gcd != MIN (INT64_RANGE_STEP (value1), INT64_RANGE_STEP (value2)))
    return FALSE;

  return TRUE;
}

/* A flag set is a subset of another if the superset allows the
 * flags of the subset */
static gboolean
gst_value_is_subset_flagset_flagset (const GValue * value1,
    const GValue * value2)
{
  guint f1, f2;
  guint m1, m2;

  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (value1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (value2), FALSE);

  f1 = value1->data[0].v_uint;
  f2 = value2->data[0].v_uint;

  m1 = value1->data[1].v_uint;
  m2 = value2->data[1].v_uint;

  /* Not a subset if masked bits of superset disagree */
  if ((f1 & m1) != (f2 & (m1 & m2)))
    return FALSE;

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_is_subset_structure_structure (const GValue * value1,
    const GValue * value2)
{
  const GstStructure *s1, *s2;

  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_STRUCTURE (value1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_STRUCTURE (value2), FALSE);

  s1 = gst_value_get_structure (value1);
  s2 = gst_value_get_structure (value2);

  return gst_structure_is_subset (s1, s2);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_is_subset_list_list (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  GstValueList *vlist1 = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value1);
  GstValueList *vlist2 = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value2);
  gint it1, len1, it2, len2;

  len1 = vlist1->len;
  len2 = vlist2->len;

  /* A list can't be a subset of a smaller list */
  if (len1 > len2)
    return FALSE;

  /* Check if all elements of the first list are within the 2nd list */
  for (it1 = 0; it1 < len1; it1++) {
    const GValue *child1 = &vlist1->fields[it1];
    gboolean seen = FALSE;

    for (it2 = 0; it2 < len2 && !seen; it2++) {
      const GValue *child2 = &vlist2->fields[it2];
      switch (gst_value_compare (child1, child2)) {
        case GST_VALUE_EQUAL:
          seen = TRUE;
          break;
        case GST_VALUE_UNORDERED:
          if (gst_value_is_subset (child1, child2))
            seen = TRUE;
          break;
        default:
          continue;
      }
    }
    if (!seen)
      return FALSE;
  }

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_is_subset_list (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  GstValueList *vlist2 = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (value2);
  gint it2, len2;

  len2 = vlist2->len;

  /* Check whether value1 is within the list */
  for (it2 = 0; it2 < len2; it2++) {
    const GValue *child2 = &vlist2->fields[it2];
    if (gst_value_compare (value1, child2) == GST_VALUE_EQUAL) {
      return TRUE;
    }
  }

  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_is_subset_array_array (const GValue * val_sub, const GValue * val_sup)
{
  /* Check if each element of the subset is within the subset while
   * respecting order. Not all element of superset has to be present in
   * subset. If at least one element in val_sub is a subset of the corresponding
   * element in val_sup, and other elements of val_sub are equal to
   * corresponding elements of val_sup then val_sub is still a subset of val_sup
   */

  GstValueList *superset = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (val_sup);
  GstValueList *subset = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (val_sub);
  gint it1, it2, len1, len2;
  gboolean is_subset, is_equal = FALSE;
  gsize subset_count = 0;
  gsize equal_count = 0;

  len2 = superset->len;
  len1 = subset->len;
  is_subset = len1 <= len2;

  for (it1 = 0, it2 = 0; (is_subset || is_equal) && it1 < len1; it1++, it2++) {
    const GValue *child1 = &subset->fields[it1];
    const GValue *child2 = &superset->fields[it2];

    is_equal = gst_value_compare (child1, child2) == GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
    if (is_equal)
      equal_count++;
    else if ((is_subset = gst_value_is_subset (child1, child2)))
      subset_count++;
    else if (subset_count == 0 && equal_count == 0) {
      /* try to find an element in superset that is a superset of subset[it1] */
      for (it2 = it2 + 1; it2 < len2 && it2 + len1 <= len2; it2++) {
        child2 = &superset->fields[it2];
        if (gst_value_compare (child1, child2) == GST_VALUE_EQUAL) {
          is_equal = TRUE;
          equal_count++;
          break;
        } else if ((is_subset = gst_value_is_subset (child1, child2))) {
          subset_count++;
          break;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  if (is_equal || is_subset) {
    if (gst_value_is_fixed (val_sup) && gst_value_is_fixed (val_sub)) {
      /* With two fixed array we don't allow both array to be equal for
       * consistency with other is_subset operation on other fixed values */
      return subset_count > 0;
    } else {

      /* For un-fixed value we consider equal value to be a subset */
      return TRUE;
    }
  } else {
    return FALSE;
  }
}


/**
 * gst_value_is_subset:
 * @value1: a #GValue
 * @value2: a #GValue
 *
 * Check that @value1 is a subset of @value2. If @value1 and @value2 is are
 * fixed value, value1 must be a subset of value2 and not equal to @value2 to
 * be a subset of @value2.
 *
 * Return: %TRUE is @value1 is a subset, strict subset if both values are  of @value2
 */
gboolean
gst_value_is_subset (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  GType type1 = G_VALUE_TYPE (value1);
  GType type2 = G_VALUE_TYPE (value2);

  /* special case for int/int64 ranges, since we cannot compute
     the difference for those when they have different steps,
     and it's actually a lot simpler to compute whether a range
     is a subset of another. */
  if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT_RANGE (value1) && GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT_RANGE (value2)) {
    return gst_value_is_subset_int_range_int_range (value1, value2);
  } else if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT64_RANGE (value1)
      && GST_VALUE_HOLDS_INT64_RANGE (value2)) {
    return gst_value_is_subset_int64_range_int64_range (value1, value2);
  } else if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (value1) &&
      GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (value2)) {
    return gst_value_is_subset_flagset_flagset (value1, value2);
  } else if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_STRUCTURE (value1)
      && GST_VALUE_HOLDS_STRUCTURE (value2)) {
    return gst_value_is_subset_structure_structure (value1, value2);
  } else if (type2 == GST_TYPE_LIST) {
    if (type1 == GST_TYPE_LIST)
      return gst_value_is_subset_list_list (value1, value2);
    return gst_value_is_subset_list (value1, value2);
  } else if (type2 == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST) {
    if (type1 == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST)
      return gst_value_is_subset_list_list (value1, value2);
    return gst_value_is_subset_list (value1, value2);
  } else if (type2 == GST_TYPE_CAPS) {
    return gst_caps_is_subset (gst_value_get_caps (value1),
        gst_value_get_caps (value2));
  } else if (type1 == GST_TYPE_ARRAY && type2 == GST_TYPE_ARRAY) {
    return gst_value_is_subset_array_array (value1, value2);
  }

  /*
   * First (superset - subset) needs to return a non-empty set, second
   * (subset - superset) needs to give an empty set. Requiring (subset - superset)
   * to give an empty set enforce a subset (value1) to be a proper/strict
   * subset of the superset (value2).
   *
   * Example with range:
   * subset = [1, 2]
   * superset = 1
   * 1 - [1,2] = empty
   * -> !subset
   *
   * Example with range:
   * subset = 1
   * superset = [1, 2]
   * [1,2] - 1 = 2
   *  and 1 - [1,2] = empty
   *  -> subset
   *
   * Example with range:
   * subset = [1, 2]
   * superset = [1, 3]
   * [1,3] - [1,2] = 3
   *  and [1,2] - [1,3] = empty
   *  -> subset
   *
   * Example  with list:
   * subset: {1, 3}
   * superset: {1, 2}
   * {1,2} - {1,3} = empty
   *  and {1,3} - {1,2} = 3
   *  -> !subset
   *
   *  Both substractions are switched below, as it's faster that way.
   */
  if (!gst_value_subtract (NULL, value1, value2)) {
    if (gst_value_subtract (NULL, value2, value1)) {
      return TRUE;
    }
  }
  return FALSE;
}

/*********
 * union *
 *********/

static gboolean
gst_value_union_int_int_range (GValue * dest, const GValue * src1,
    const GValue * src2)
{
  gint v = src1->data[0].v_int;

  /* check if it's already in the range */
  if (INT_RANGE_MIN (src2) * INT_RANGE_STEP (src2) <= v &&
      INT_RANGE_MAX (src2) * INT_RANGE_STEP (src2) >= v &&
      v % INT_RANGE_STEP (src2) == 0) {
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, src2);
    return TRUE;
  }

  /* check if it extends the range */
  if (v == (INT_RANGE_MIN (src2) - 1) * INT_RANGE_STEP (src2)) {
    if (dest) {
      guint64 new_min = INT_RANGE_MIN (src2) - 1;
      guint64 new_max = INT_RANGE_MAX (src2);

      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, src2);
      dest->data[0].v_uint64 = (new_min << 32) | (new_max);
    }
    return TRUE;
  }
  if (v == (INT_RANGE_MAX (src2) + 1) * INT_RANGE_STEP (src2)) {
    if (dest) {
      guint64 new_min = INT_RANGE_MIN (src2);
      guint64 new_max = INT_RANGE_MAX (src2) + 1;

      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, src2);
      dest->data[0].v_uint64 = (new_min << 32) | (new_max);
    }
    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_union_int_range_int_range (GValue * dest, const GValue * src1,
    const GValue * src2)
{
  /* We can union in several special cases:
     1 - one is a subset of another
     2 - same step and not disjoint
     3 - different step, at least one with one value which matches a 'next' or 'previous'
     - anything else ?
   */

  /* 1 - subset */
  if (gst_value_is_subset_int_range_int_range (src1, src2)) {
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, src2);
    return TRUE;
  }
  if (gst_value_is_subset_int_range_int_range (src2, src1)) {
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, src1);
    return TRUE;
  }

  /* 2 - same step and not disjoint */
  if (INT_RANGE_STEP (src1) == INT_RANGE_STEP (src2)) {
    if ((INT_RANGE_MIN (src1) <= INT_RANGE_MAX (src2) + 1 &&
            INT_RANGE_MAX (src1) >= INT_RANGE_MIN (src2) - 1) ||
        (INT_RANGE_MIN (src2) <= INT_RANGE_MAX (src1) + 1 &&
            INT_RANGE_MAX (src2) >= INT_RANGE_MIN (src1) - 1)) {
      if (dest) {
        gint step = INT_RANGE_STEP (src1);
        gint min = step * MIN (INT_RANGE_MIN (src1), INT_RANGE_MIN (src2));
        gint max = step * MAX (INT_RANGE_MAX (src1), INT_RANGE_MAX (src2));
        g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE);
        gst_value_set_int_range_step (dest, min, max, step);
      }
      return TRUE;
    }
  }

  /* 3 - single value matches next or previous */
  if (INT_RANGE_STEP (src1) != INT_RANGE_STEP (src2)) {
    gint n1 = INT_RANGE_MAX (src1) - INT_RANGE_MIN (src1) + 1;
    gint n2 = INT_RANGE_MAX (src2) - INT_RANGE_MIN (src2) + 1;
    if (n1 == 1 || n2 == 1) {
      const GValue *range_value = NULL;
      gint scalar = 0;
      if (n1 == 1) {
        range_value = src2;
        scalar = INT_RANGE_MIN (src1) * INT_RANGE_STEP (src1);
      } else if (n2 == 1) {
        range_value = src1;
        scalar = INT_RANGE_MIN (src2) * INT_RANGE_STEP (src2);
      }

      if (scalar ==
          (INT_RANGE_MIN (range_value) - 1) * INT_RANGE_STEP (range_value)) {
        if (dest) {
          guint64 new_min = (guint)
              ((INT_RANGE_MIN (range_value) -
                  1) * INT_RANGE_STEP (range_value));
          guint64 new_max = (guint)
              (INT_RANGE_MAX (range_value) * INT_RANGE_STEP (range_value));

          gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, range_value);
          dest->data[0].v_uint64 = (new_min << 32) | (new_max);
        }
        return TRUE;
      } else if (scalar ==
          (INT_RANGE_MAX (range_value) + 1) * INT_RANGE_STEP (range_value)) {
        if (dest) {
          guint64 new_min = (guint)
              (INT_RANGE_MIN (range_value) * INT_RANGE_STEP (range_value));
          guint64 new_max = (guint)
              ((INT_RANGE_MAX (range_value) +
                  1) * INT_RANGE_STEP (range_value));
          gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, range_value);
          dest->data[0].v_uint64 = (new_min << 32) | (new_max);
        }
        return TRUE;
      }
    }
  }

  /* If we get there, we did not find a way to make a union that can be
     represented with our simplistic model. */
  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_union_flagset_flagset (GValue * dest, const GValue * src1,
    const GValue * src2)
{
  /* We can union 2 flag sets where they do not disagree on
   * required (masked) flag bits */
  guint64 f1, f2;
  guint64 m1, m2;

  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (src1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (src2), FALSE);

  f1 = src1->data[0].v_uint;
  f2 = src2->data[0].v_uint;

  m1 = src1->data[1].v_uint;
  m2 = src2->data[1].v_uint;

  /* Can't union if masked bits disagree */
  if ((f1 & (m1 & m2)) != (f2 & (m1 & m2)))
    return FALSE;

  if (dest) {
    g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET);
    /* Copy masked bits from src2 to src1 */
    f1 &= ~m2;
    f1 |= (f2 & m2);
    m1 |= m2;
    gst_value_set_flagset (dest, f1, m1);
  }

  return TRUE;
}

/* iterating over the result taking the union with the other structure's value */
static gboolean
structure_field_union_into (const GstIdStr * field, GValue * val,
    gpointer user_data)
{
  GstStructure *other = user_data;
  const GValue *other_value;
  GValue res_value = G_VALUE_INIT;

  other_value = gst_structure_id_str_get_value (other, field);
  /* no value in the other struct, just keep this value */
  if (!other_value)
    return TRUE;

  if (!gst_value_union (&res_value, val, other_value))
    return FALSE;

  g_value_unset (val);
  gst_value_move (val, &res_value);
  return TRUE;
}

/* iterating over the other source structure adding missing values */
static gboolean
structure_field_union_from (const GstIdStr * field, const GValue * other_val,
    gpointer user_data)
{
  GstStructure *result = user_data;
  const GValue *result_value;

  result_value = gst_structure_id_str_get_value (result, field);
  if (!result_value)
    gst_structure_id_str_set_value (result, field, other_val);

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_union_structure_structure (GValue * dest, const GValue * src1,
    const GValue * src2)
{
  const GstStructure *s1, *s2;
  GstStructure *result;
  gboolean ret;

  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_STRUCTURE (src1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_STRUCTURE (src2), FALSE);

  s1 = gst_value_get_structure (src1);
  s2 = gst_value_get_structure (src2);

  /* Can't join two structures with different names into a single structure */
  if (!gst_structure_has_name (s1, gst_structure_get_name (s2))) {
    gst_value_list_concat (dest, src1, src2);
    return TRUE;
  }

  result = gst_structure_copy (s1);
  ret =
      gst_structure_map_in_place_id_str (result, structure_field_union_into,
      (gpointer) s2);
  if (!ret)
    goto out;
  ret =
      gst_structure_foreach_id_str (s2, structure_field_union_from,
      (gpointer) result);

  if (ret) {
    g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE);
    gst_value_set_structure (dest, result);
  }

out:
  gst_structure_free (result);
  return ret;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_union_fraction_fraction_range (GValue * dest, const GValue * src1,
    const GValue * src2)
{
  GValue *vals;
  int f_n, f_d, fr_start_n, fr_start_d, fr_end_n, fr_end_d;

  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION (src1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION_RANGE (src2), FALSE);

  /* Fraction */
  f_n = src1->data[0].v_int;
  f_d = src1->data[1].v_int;

  vals = src2->data[0].v_pointer;
  /* Fraction range start */
  fr_start_n = vals[0].data[0].v_int;
  fr_start_d = vals[0].data[1].v_int;
  /* Fraction range end */
  fr_end_n = vals[1].data[0].v_int;
  fr_end_d = vals[1].data[1].v_int;

  /* Check if it's already in the range. This is the only case in which we can
   * successfully perform a union. */
  if (gst_util_fraction_compare (f_n, f_d, fr_start_n, fr_start_d) >= 0 &&
      gst_util_fraction_compare (f_n, f_d, fr_end_n, fr_end_d) <= 0) {
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, src2);
    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_union_fraction_range_fraction_range (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * src1, const GValue * src2)
{
  GValue *vals1, *vals2;
  int fr1_start_n, fr1_start_d, fr1_end_n, fr1_end_d;
  int fr2_start_n, fr2_start_d, fr2_end_n, fr2_end_d;
  int fr_start_n, fr_start_d, fr_end_n, fr_end_d;

  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION_RANGE (src1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION_RANGE (src2), FALSE);

  vals1 = src1->data[0].v_pointer;
  g_return_val_if_fail (vals1 != NULL, FALSE);

  fr1_start_n = vals1[0].data[0].v_int;
  fr1_start_d = vals1[0].data[1].v_int;
  fr1_end_n = vals1[1].data[0].v_int;
  fr1_end_d = vals1[1].data[1].v_int;

  vals2 = src2->data[0].v_pointer;
  g_return_val_if_fail (vals2 != NULL, FALSE);

  fr2_start_n = vals2[0].data[0].v_int;
  fr2_start_d = vals2[0].data[1].v_int;
  fr2_end_n = vals2[1].data[0].v_int;
  fr2_end_d = vals2[1].data[1].v_int;

  /* Ranges are completely disjoint: end of one range is less than the start of
   * other range */
  if (gst_util_fraction_compare (fr2_end_n, fr2_end_d, fr1_start_n,
          fr1_start_d) < 0
      || gst_util_fraction_compare (fr1_end_n, fr1_end_d, fr2_start_n,
          fr2_start_d) < 0)
    return FALSE;

  /* Ranges overlap, union is trivial */
  if (!dest)
    return TRUE;

  if (gst_util_fraction_compare (fr1_start_n, fr1_start_d, fr2_start_n,
          fr2_start_d) < 0) {
    fr_start_n = fr1_start_n;
    fr_start_d = fr1_start_d;
  } else {
    fr_start_n = fr2_start_n;
    fr_start_d = fr2_start_d;
  }

  if (gst_util_fraction_compare (fr1_end_n, fr1_end_d, fr2_end_n,
          fr2_end_d) > 0) {
    fr_end_n = fr1_end_n;
    fr_end_d = fr1_end_d;
  } else {
    fr_end_n = fr2_end_n;
    fr_end_d = fr2_end_d;
  }

  g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE);
  gst_value_set_fraction_range_full (dest, fr_start_n, fr_start_d, fr_end_n,
      fr_end_d);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_union_set_set (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * src1, const GValue * src2)
{
  gst_value_unique_list_concat (dest, src1, src2);
  return TRUE;
}

/****************
 * intersection *
 ****************/

static gboolean
gst_value_intersect_int_int_range (GValue * dest, const GValue * src1,
    const GValue * src2)
{
  if (INT_RANGE_MIN (src2) * INT_RANGE_STEP (src2) <= src1->data[0].v_int &&
      INT_RANGE_MAX (src2) * INT_RANGE_STEP (src2) >= src1->data[0].v_int &&
      src1->data[0].v_int % INT_RANGE_STEP (src2) == 0) {
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, src1);
    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_intersect_int_range_int_range (GValue * dest, const GValue * src1,
    const GValue * src2)
{
  gint min;
  gint max;
  gint step;

  step =
      INT_RANGE_STEP (src1) /
      gst_util_greatest_common_divisor (INT_RANGE_STEP (src1),
      INT_RANGE_STEP (src2));
  if (G_MAXINT32 / INT_RANGE_STEP (src2) < step)
    return FALSE;
  step *= INT_RANGE_STEP (src2);

  min =
      MAX (INT_RANGE_MIN (src1) * INT_RANGE_STEP (src1),
      INT_RANGE_MIN (src2) * INT_RANGE_STEP (src2));
  min = (min + step - 1) / step * step;
  max =
      MIN (INT_RANGE_MAX (src1) * INT_RANGE_STEP (src1),
      INT_RANGE_MAX (src2) * INT_RANGE_STEP (src2));
  max = max / step * step;

  if (min < max) {
    if (dest) {
      g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE);
      gst_value_set_int_range_step (dest, min, max, step);
    }
    return TRUE;
  }
  if (min == max) {
    if (dest) {
      g_value_init (dest, G_TYPE_INT);
      g_value_set_int (dest, min);
    }
    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

#define INT64_RANGE_MIN_VAL(v) (INT64_RANGE_MIN (v) * INT64_RANGE_STEP (v))
#define INT64_RANGE_MAX_VAL(v) (INT64_RANGE_MAX (v) * INT64_RANGE_STEP (v))

static gboolean
gst_value_intersect_int64_int64_range (GValue * dest, const GValue * src1,
    const GValue * src2)
{
  if (INT64_RANGE_MIN_VAL (src2) <= src1->data[0].v_int64 &&
      INT64_RANGE_MAX_VAL (src2) >= src1->data[0].v_int64 &&
      src1->data[0].v_int64 % INT64_RANGE_STEP (src2) == 0) {
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, src1);
    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_intersect_int64_range_int64_range (GValue * dest, const GValue * src1,
    const GValue * src2)
{
  gint64 min;
  gint64 max;
  gint64 step;

  step =
      INT64_RANGE_STEP (src1) /
      gst_util_greatest_common_divisor_int64 (INT64_RANGE_STEP (src1),
      INT64_RANGE_STEP (src2));
  if (G_MAXINT64 / INT64_RANGE_STEP (src2) < step)
    return FALSE;
  step *= INT64_RANGE_STEP (src2);

  min =
      MAX (INT64_RANGE_MIN (src1) * INT64_RANGE_STEP (src1),
      INT64_RANGE_MIN (src2) * INT64_RANGE_STEP (src2));
  min = (min + step - 1) / step * step;
  max =
      MIN (INT64_RANGE_MAX (src1) * INT64_RANGE_STEP (src1),
      INT64_RANGE_MAX (src2) * INT64_RANGE_STEP (src2));
  max = max / step * step;

  if (min < max) {
    if (dest) {
      g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE);
      gst_value_set_int64_range_step (dest, min, max, step);
    }
    return TRUE;
  }
  if (min == max) {
    if (dest) {
      g_value_init (dest, G_TYPE_INT64);
      g_value_set_int64 (dest, min);
    }
    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_intersect_double_double_range (GValue * dest, const GValue * src1,
    const GValue * src2)
{
  if (src2->data[0].v_double <= src1->data[0].v_double &&
      src2->data[1].v_double >= src1->data[0].v_double) {
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, src1);
    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_intersect_double_range_double_range (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * src1, const GValue * src2)
{
  gdouble min;
  gdouble max;

  min = MAX (src1->data[0].v_double, src2->data[0].v_double);
  max = MIN (src1->data[1].v_double, src2->data[1].v_double);

  if (min < max) {
    if (dest) {
      g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE);
      gst_value_set_double_range (dest, min, max);
    }
    return TRUE;
  }
  if (min == max) {
    if (dest) {
      g_value_init (dest, G_TYPE_DOUBLE);
      g_value_set_int (dest, (int) min);
    }
    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_intersect_list_list (GValue * dest, const GValue * value1,
    const GValue * value2)
{
  guint8 tmpfield[16];          /* Check up to 128 values */
  guint8 *bitfield;
  gboolean alloc_bitfield = FALSE;
  gboolean res = FALSE;
  GValue *tmp;
  GType type1, type2;
  guint it1, len1, start2, it2, len2, itar;
  GstValueList *vlist = NULL;

  /* If they don't have the same basic type, all bets are off :) */
  if (!gst_value_list_or_array_get_basic_type (value1, &type1) ||
      !gst_value_list_or_array_get_basic_type (value2, &type2) ||
      type1 != type2)
    return FALSE;

  len1 = VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value1);
  len2 = VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value2);

  /* Fast-path with no dest (i.e. only interested in knowing whether
   * both lists intersected without wanting the result) */
  if (!dest) {
    for (it1 = 0; it1 < len1; it1++) {
      const GValue *item1 = VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (value1, it1);
      for (it2 = 0; it2 < len2; it2++) {
        const GValue *item2 = VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (value2, it2);
        if (gst_value_intersect (NULL, item1, item2)) {
          res = TRUE;
          goto beach;
        }
      }
    }
    goto beach;
  }
#define is_visited(idx) (bitfield[(idx) >> 3]    & (1 << ((idx) & 0x7)))
#define mark_visited(idx) (bitfield[(idx) >> 3] |= (1 << ((idx) & 0x7)))

  /* Bitfield to avoid double-visiting */
  if (G_UNLIKELY (len2 > 128)) {
    alloc_bitfield = TRUE;
    bitfield = g_malloc0 ((len2 / 8) + 1);
    GST_CAT_LOG (GST_CAT_PERFORMANCE,
        "Allocation for GstValueList with more than 128 members");
  } else {
    bitfield = &tmpfield[0];
    memset (bitfield, 0, 16);
  }


  /* When doing list<->list intersections, there is a greater
   * probability of ending up with a list than with a single value.
   * Furthermore, the biggest that list can be will the smallest list
   * (i.e. intersects fully).
   * Therefore we pre-allocate a GstValueList of that size. */
  vlist = _gst_value_list_new (MIN (len1, len2));

  itar = 0;
  tmp = &vlist->fields[0];
  start2 = 0;

  for (it1 = 0; it1 < len1; it1++) {
    const GValue *item1 = VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (value1, it1);
    for (it2 = start2; it2 < len2; it2++) {
      const GValue *item2;
      if (is_visited (it2))
        continue;
      item2 = VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (value2, it2);

      if (gst_value_intersect (tmp, item1, item2)) {
        res = TRUE;
        mark_visited (it2);
        /* Increment our inner-loop starting point */
        if (it2 == start2)
          start2++;

        /* Move our collection value */
        itar += 1;
        tmp = &vlist->fields[itar];
        vlist->len += 1;

        /* We can stop iterating the second part now that we've matched */
        break;
      }
    }
  }

#undef is_visited
#undef mark_visited

  if (res) {
    /* If we end up with a single value in the list, just use that
     * value. Else use the list. For 'unique list' since it's already a fixed value we
     * keep the 'unique list'. */
    if (vlist->len == 1 && G_VALUE_TYPE (value1) != GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST) {
      gst_value_move (dest, &vlist->fields[0]);
      g_free (vlist);
    } else {
      dest->g_type = value1->g_type;
      dest->data[0].v_pointer = vlist;
    }
  } else {
    g_free (vlist);
  }

beach:
  if (alloc_bitfield)
    g_free (bitfield);
  return res;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_intersect_list (GValue * dest, const GValue * value1,
    const GValue * value2)
{
  guint i, size;
  GValue intersection = { 0, };
  gboolean ret = FALSE;
  GType type1, type2;

  type1 = G_VALUE_TYPE (value1);
  type2 = G_VALUE_TYPE (value2);

  /* Use optimized list-list intersection */
  if (type1 == type2 && (type1 == GST_TYPE_LIST
          || type1 == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST)) {
    return gst_value_intersect_list_list (dest, value1, value2);
  }

  if (type1 == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST && type2 == GST_TYPE_LIST) {
    return gst_value_intersect_list (dest, value2, value1);
  }

  size = VALUE_LIST_SIZE (value1);
  for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
    const GValue *cur = VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (value1, i);

    /* quicker version when we don't need the resulting set */
    if (!dest) {
      if (gst_value_intersect (NULL, cur, value2)) {
        ret = TRUE;
        break;
      }
      continue;
    }

    if (gst_value_intersect (&intersection, cur, value2)) {
      /* append value */
      if (!ret) {
        gst_value_move (dest, &intersection);
        ret = TRUE;
      } else if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST (dest)) {
        _gst_value_list_append_and_take_value (dest, &intersection);
      } else {
        GValue temp;

        gst_value_move (&temp, dest);
        gst_value_list_merge (dest, &temp, &intersection);
        g_value_unset (&temp);
        g_value_unset (&intersection);
      }
    }
  }

  return ret;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_intersect_array (GValue * dest, const GValue * src1,
    const GValue * src2)
{
  guint size;
  guint n;
  GValue val = { 0 };

  /* only works on similar-sized arrays */
  size = gst_value_array_get_size (src1);
  if (size != gst_value_array_get_size (src2))
    return FALSE;

  /* quicker value when we don't need the resulting set */
  if (!dest) {
    for (n = 0; n < size; n++) {
      if (!gst_value_intersect (NULL, gst_value_array_get_value (src1, n),
              gst_value_array_get_value (src2, n))) {
        return FALSE;
      }
    }
    return TRUE;
  }

  g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_ARRAY);

  for (n = 0; n < size; n++) {
    if (!gst_value_intersect (&val, gst_value_array_get_value (src1, n),
            gst_value_array_get_value (src2, n))) {
      g_value_unset (dest);
      return FALSE;
    }
    _gst_value_array_append_and_take_value (dest, &val);
  }

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_intersect_fraction_fraction_range (GValue * dest, const GValue * src1,
    const GValue * src2)
{
  gint res1, res2;
  GValue *vals;

  vals = src2->data[0].v_pointer;

  if (vals == NULL)
    return FALSE;

  res1 = gst_value_compare_fraction (&vals[0], src1);
  res2 = gst_value_compare_fraction (&vals[1], src1);

  if ((res1 == GST_VALUE_EQUAL || res1 == GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN) &&
      (res2 == GST_VALUE_EQUAL || res2 == GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN)) {
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, src1);
    return TRUE;
  }
  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_intersect_fraction_range_fraction_range (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * src1, const GValue * src2)
{
  GValue *min;
  GValue *max;
  gint res;
  GValue *vals1, *vals2;

  vals1 = src1->data[0].v_pointer;
  vals2 = src2->data[0].v_pointer;
  g_return_val_if_fail (vals1 != NULL && vals2 != NULL, FALSE);

  /* min = MAX (src1.start, src2.start) */
  res = gst_value_compare_fraction (&vals1[0], &vals2[0]);
  g_return_val_if_fail (res != GST_VALUE_UNORDERED, FALSE);
  if (res == GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN)
    min = &vals2[0];            /* Take the max of the 2 */
  else
    min = &vals1[0];

  /* max = MIN (src1.end, src2.end) */
  res = gst_value_compare_fraction (&vals1[1], &vals2[1]);
  g_return_val_if_fail (res != GST_VALUE_UNORDERED, FALSE);
  if (res == GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN)
    max = &vals2[1];            /* Take the min of the 2 */
  else
    max = &vals1[1];

  res = gst_value_compare_fraction (min, max);
  g_return_val_if_fail (res != GST_VALUE_UNORDERED, FALSE);
  if (res == GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN) {
    if (dest) {
      g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE);
      vals1 = dest->data[0].v_pointer;
      g_value_copy (min, &vals1[0]);
      g_value_copy (max, &vals1[1]);
    }
    return TRUE;
  }
  if (res == GST_VALUE_EQUAL) {
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, min);
    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

/* Two flagsets intersect if the masked bits in both
 * flagsets are exactly equal */
static gboolean
gst_value_intersect_flagset_flagset (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * src1, const GValue * src2)
{
  guint f1, f2;
  guint m1, m2;
  GType type1, type2, flagset_type;

  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (src1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (src2), FALSE);

  f1 = src1->data[0].v_uint;
  f2 = src2->data[0].v_uint;

  m1 = src1->data[1].v_uint;
  m2 = src2->data[1].v_uint;

  /* Don't intersect if masked bits disagree */
  if ((f1 & (m1 & m2)) != (f2 & (m1 & m2)))
    return FALSE;

  /* Allow intersection with the generic FlagSet type, on one
   * side, but not 2 different subtypes - that makes no sense */
  type1 = G_VALUE_TYPE (src1);
  type2 = G_VALUE_TYPE (src2);
  flagset_type = GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET;

  if (type1 != type2 && type1 != flagset_type && type2 != flagset_type)
    return FALSE;

  if (dest) {
    GType dest_type;

    /* Prefer an output type that matches a sub-type,
     * rather than the generic type */
    if (type1 != flagset_type)
      dest_type = type1;
    else
      dest_type = type2;

    g_value_init (dest, dest_type);

    /* The compatible set is all the bits from src1 that it
     * cares about and all the bits from src2 that it cares
     * about. */
    dest->data[0].v_uint = (f1 & m1) | (f2 & m2);
    dest->data[1].v_uint = m1 | m2;
  }

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_intersect_structure_structure (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * src1, const GValue * src2)
{
  const GstStructure *s1, *s2;
  GstStructure *d1;

  s1 = gst_value_get_structure (src1);
  s2 = gst_value_get_structure (src2);

  d1 = gst_structure_intersect (s1, s2);
  if (!d1)
    return FALSE;

  if (dest) {
    g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE);
    gst_value_set_structure (dest, d1);
  }

  gst_structure_free (d1);
  return TRUE;
}

/***************
 * subtraction *
 ***************/

static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_int_int_range (GValue * dest, const GValue * minuend,
    const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  gint min = gst_value_get_int_range_min (subtrahend);
  gint max = gst_value_get_int_range_max (subtrahend);
  gint step = gst_value_get_int_range_step (subtrahend);
  gint val = g_value_get_int (minuend);

  if (step == 0)
    return FALSE;

  /* subtracting a range from an int only works if the int is not in the
   * range */
  if (val < min || val > max || val % step) {
    /* and the result is the int */
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, minuend);
    return TRUE;
  }
  return FALSE;
}

/* creates a new int range based on input values.
 */
static gboolean
gst_value_create_new_range (GValue * dest, gint min1, gint max1, gint min2,
    gint max2, gint step)
{
  GValue v1 = { 0, };
  GValue v2 = { 0, };
  GValue *pv1, *pv2;            /* yeah, hungarian! */

  g_return_val_if_fail (step > 0, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (min1 % step == 0, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (max1 % step == 0, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (min2 % step == 0, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (max2 % step == 0, FALSE);

  if (min1 <= max1 && min2 <= max2) {
    pv1 = &v1;
    pv2 = &v2;
  } else if (min1 <= max1) {
    pv1 = dest;
    pv2 = NULL;
  } else if (min2 <= max2) {
    pv1 = NULL;
    pv2 = dest;
  } else {
    return FALSE;
  }

  if (!dest)
    return TRUE;

  if (min1 < max1) {
    g_value_init (pv1, GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE);
    gst_value_set_int_range_step (pv1, min1, max1, step);
  } else if (min1 == max1) {
    g_value_init (pv1, G_TYPE_INT);
    g_value_set_int (pv1, min1);
  }
  if (min2 < max2) {
    g_value_init (pv2, GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE);
    gst_value_set_int_range_step (pv2, min2, max2, step);
  } else if (min2 == max2) {
    g_value_init (pv2, G_TYPE_INT);
    g_value_set_int (pv2, min2);
  }

  if (min1 <= max1 && min2 <= max2) {
    gst_value_list_concat_and_take_values (dest, pv1, pv2);
  }
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_int_range_int (GValue * dest, const GValue * minuend,
    const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  gint min = gst_value_get_int_range_min (minuend);
  gint max = gst_value_get_int_range_max (minuend);
  gint step = gst_value_get_int_range_step (minuend);
  gint val = g_value_get_int (subtrahend);

  g_return_val_if_fail (min < max, FALSE);

  if (step == 0)
    return FALSE;

  /* value is outside of the range, return range unchanged */
  if (val < min || val > max || val % step) {
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, minuend);
    return TRUE;
  } else {
    /* max must be MAXINT too as val <= max */
    if (val >= G_MAXINT - step + 1) {
      max -= step;
      val -= step;
    }
    /* min must be MININT too as val >= max */
    if (val <= G_MININT + step - 1) {
      min += step;
      val += step;
    }
    if (dest)
      gst_value_create_new_range (dest, min, val - step, val + step, max, step);
  }
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_int_range_int_range (GValue * dest, const GValue * minuend,
    const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  gint min1 = gst_value_get_int_range_min (minuend);
  gint max1 = gst_value_get_int_range_max (minuend);
  gint step1 = gst_value_get_int_range_step (minuend);
  gint min2 = gst_value_get_int_range_min (subtrahend);
  gint max2 = gst_value_get_int_range_max (subtrahend);
  gint step2 = gst_value_get_int_range_step (subtrahend);
  gint step;

  if (step1 != step2) {
    /* ENOIMPL */
    g_assert (FALSE);
    return FALSE;
  }
  step = step1;

  if (step == 0)
    return FALSE;

  if (max2 >= max1 && min2 <= min1) {
    return FALSE;
  } else if (max2 >= max1) {
    return gst_value_create_new_range (dest, min1, MIN (min2 - step, max1),
        step, 0, step);
  } else if (min2 <= min1) {
    return gst_value_create_new_range (dest, MAX (max2 + step, min1), max1,
        step, 0, step);
  } else {
    return gst_value_create_new_range (dest, min1, MIN (min2 - step, max1),
        MAX (max2 + step, min1), max1, step);
  }
}

static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_int64_int64_range (GValue * dest, const GValue * minuend,
    const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  gint64 min = gst_value_get_int64_range_min (subtrahend);
  gint64 max = gst_value_get_int64_range_max (subtrahend);
  gint64 step = gst_value_get_int64_range_step (subtrahend);
  gint64 val = g_value_get_int64 (minuend);

  if (step == 0)
    return FALSE;
  /* subtracting a range from an int64 only works if the int64 is not in the
   * range */
  if (val < min || val > max || val % step) {
    /* and the result is the int64 */
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, minuend);
    return TRUE;
  }
  return FALSE;
}

/* creates a new int64 range based on input values.
 */
static gboolean
gst_value_create_new_int64_range (GValue * dest, gint64 min1, gint64 max1,
    gint64 min2, gint64 max2, gint64 step)
{
  GValue v1 = { 0, };
  GValue v2 = { 0, };
  GValue *pv1, *pv2;            /* yeah, hungarian! */

  g_return_val_if_fail (step > 0, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (min1 % step == 0, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (max1 % step == 0, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (min2 % step == 0, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (max2 % step == 0, FALSE);

  if (min1 <= max1 && min2 <= max2) {
    pv1 = &v1;
    pv2 = &v2;
  } else if (min1 <= max1) {
    pv1 = dest;
    pv2 = NULL;
  } else if (min2 <= max2) {
    pv1 = NULL;
    pv2 = dest;
  } else {
    return FALSE;
  }

  if (!dest)
    return TRUE;

  if (min1 < max1) {
    g_value_init (pv1, GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE);
    gst_value_set_int64_range_step (pv1, min1, max1, step);
  } else if (min1 == max1) {
    g_value_init (pv1, G_TYPE_INT64);
    g_value_set_int64 (pv1, min1);
  }
  if (min2 < max2) {
    g_value_init (pv2, GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE);
    gst_value_set_int64_range_step (pv2, min2, max2, step);
  } else if (min2 == max2) {
    g_value_init (pv2, G_TYPE_INT64);
    g_value_set_int64 (pv2, min2);
  }

  if (min1 <= max1 && min2 <= max2) {
    gst_value_list_concat_and_take_values (dest, pv1, pv2);
  }
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_int64_range_int64 (GValue * dest, const GValue * minuend,
    const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  gint64 min = gst_value_get_int64_range_min (minuend);
  gint64 max = gst_value_get_int64_range_max (minuend);
  gint64 step = gst_value_get_int64_range_step (minuend);
  gint64 val = g_value_get_int64 (subtrahend);

  g_return_val_if_fail (min < max, FALSE);

  if (step == 0)
    return FALSE;

  /* value is outside of the range, return range unchanged */
  if (val < min || val > max || val % step) {
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, minuend);
    return TRUE;
  } else {
    /* max must be MAXINT64 too as val <= max */
    if (val >= G_MAXINT64 - step + 1) {
      max -= step;
      val -= step;
    }
    /* min must be MININT64 too as val >= max */
    if (val <= G_MININT64 + step - 1) {
      min += step;
      val += step;
    }
    if (dest)
      gst_value_create_new_int64_range (dest, min, val - step, val + step, max,
          step);
  }
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_int64_range_int64_range (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * minuend, const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  gint64 min1 = gst_value_get_int64_range_min (minuend);
  gint64 max1 = gst_value_get_int64_range_max (minuend);
  gint64 step1 = gst_value_get_int64_range_step (minuend);
  gint64 min2 = gst_value_get_int64_range_min (subtrahend);
  gint64 max2 = gst_value_get_int64_range_max (subtrahend);
  gint64 step2 = gst_value_get_int64_range_step (subtrahend);
  gint64 step;

  if (step1 != step2) {
    /* ENOIMPL */
    g_assert (FALSE);
    return FALSE;
  }

  if (step1 == 0)
    return FALSE;

  step = step1;

  if (max2 >= max1 && min2 <= min1) {
    return FALSE;
  } else if (max2 >= max1) {
    return gst_value_create_new_int64_range (dest, min1, MIN (min2 - step,
            max1), step, 0, step);
  } else if (min2 <= min1) {
    return gst_value_create_new_int64_range (dest, MAX (max2 + step, min1),
        max1, step, 0, step);
  } else {
    return gst_value_create_new_int64_range (dest, min1, MIN (min2 - step,
            max1), MAX (max2 + step, min1), max1, step);
  }
}

static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_double_double_range (GValue * dest, const GValue * minuend,
    const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  gdouble min = gst_value_get_double_range_min (subtrahend);
  gdouble max = gst_value_get_double_range_max (subtrahend);
  gdouble val = g_value_get_double (minuend);

  if (val < min || val > max) {
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, minuend);
    return TRUE;
  }
  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_double_range_double (GValue * dest, const GValue * minuend,
    const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  /* since we don't have open ranges, we cannot create a hole in
   * a double range. We return the original range */
  if (dest)
    gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, minuend);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_double_range_double_range (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * minuend, const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  /* since we don't have open ranges, we have to approximate */
  /* done like with ints */
  gdouble min1 = gst_value_get_double_range_min (minuend);
  gdouble max2 = gst_value_get_double_range_max (minuend);
  gdouble max1 = MIN (gst_value_get_double_range_min (subtrahend), max2);
  gdouble min2 = MAX (gst_value_get_double_range_max (subtrahend), min1);
  GValue v1 = { 0, };
  GValue v2 = { 0, };
  GValue *pv1, *pv2;            /* yeah, hungarian! */

  if (min1 < max1 && min2 < max2) {
    pv1 = &v1;
    pv2 = &v2;
  } else if (min1 < max1) {
    pv1 = dest;
    pv2 = NULL;
  } else if (min2 < max2) {
    pv1 = NULL;
    pv2 = dest;
  } else {
    return FALSE;
  }

  if (!dest)
    return TRUE;

  if (min1 < max1) {
    g_value_init (pv1, GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE);
    gst_value_set_double_range (pv1, min1, max1);
  }
  if (min2 < max2) {
    g_value_init (pv2, GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE);
    gst_value_set_double_range (pv2, min2, max2);
  }

  if (min1 < max1 && min2 < max2) {
    gst_value_list_concat_and_take_values (dest, pv1, pv2);
  }
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_from_list (GValue * dest, const GValue * minuend,
    const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  guint i, size;
  GValue subtraction = { 0, };
  gboolean ret = FALSE;

  size = VALUE_LIST_SIZE (minuend);
  for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
    const GValue *cur = VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (minuend, i);

    /* quicker version when we can discard the result */
    if (!dest) {
      if (gst_value_subtract (NULL, cur, subtrahend)) {
        ret = TRUE;
        break;
      }
      continue;
    }

    if (gst_value_subtract (&subtraction, cur, subtrahend)) {
      if (!ret) {
        gst_value_move (dest, &subtraction);
        ret = TRUE;
      } else if (G_VALUE_TYPE (dest) == GST_TYPE_LIST
          && G_VALUE_TYPE (&subtraction) != GST_TYPE_LIST) {
        _gst_value_list_append_and_take_value (dest, &subtraction);
      } else if (G_VALUE_TYPE (dest) == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST
          && G_VALUE_TYPE (&subtraction) != GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST) {
        _gst_value_list_append_and_take_value (dest, &subtraction);
      } else {
        GValue temp;

        gst_value_move (&temp, dest);
        gst_value_list_concat_and_take_values (dest, &temp, &subtraction);
      }
    }
  }
  return ret;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_list (GValue * dest, const GValue * minuend,
    const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  guint i, size;
  GValue data[2] = { {0,}, {0,} };
  GValue *subtraction = &data[0], *result = &data[1];

  gst_value_init_and_copy (result, minuend);
  size = VALUE_LIST_SIZE (subtrahend);
  for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
    const GValue *cur = VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (subtrahend, i);

    if (gst_value_subtract (subtraction, result, cur)) {
      GValue *temp = result;

      result = subtraction;
      subtraction = temp;
      g_value_unset (subtraction);
    } else {
      g_value_unset (result);
      return FALSE;
    }
  }
  if (dest) {
    gst_value_move (dest, result);
  } else {
    g_value_unset (result);
  }
  return TRUE;
}

/*
 * This function is used to handle subtraction cases where the minuend is a
 * GST_TYPE_ARRAY. The implementation is limited to subtrahends of fixed types.
 *
 * NOTE: Current use case is gst_value_is_subset () where only one of the
 *  GValue is a GST_TYPE_ARRAY. For these use cases gst_value_is_subset ()
 *  uses subtractions to evaluate if a value is a subset of another value.
 */
static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_from_array (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * minuend, const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  GstValueList *m = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (minuend);
  gint it;
  gint consumed = FALSE;
  gboolean dest_init = FALSE;
  GType stype = G_VALUE_TYPE (subtrahend);

  if (stype != GST_TYPE_ARRAY && gst_type_is_fixed (stype)) {
    for (it = 0; it < m->len; it++) {
      const GValue *child = &m->fields[it];

      if (G_VALUE_TYPE (child) == stype) {
        if (!consumed && gst_value_compare (subtrahend, child) ==
            GST_VALUE_EQUAL) {
          consumed = TRUE;
          continue;
        } else if (dest) {
          if (!dest_init) {
            g_value_init (dest, G_TYPE_ARRAY);
            dest_init = TRUE;
          }
          gst_value_array_append_value (dest, child);
        }
      }
    }

    if (consumed && m->len == 1) {
      if (dest_init)
        g_value_unset (dest);
      return FALSE;
    }

  } else {
    g_warning ("not implemented");
    return FALSE;
  }

  return TRUE;
}

/*
 * This function is used to handle subtraction cases where the subtrahend is a
 * GST_TYPE_ARRAY. The implementation is limited to minuends of fixed types.
 *
 * NOTE: Current use case is gst_value_is_subset () where only one of the
 *  GValue is a GST_TYPE_ARRAY. For these use cases gst_value_is_subset ()
 *  uses subtractions to evaluate if a value is a subset of another value.
 */
static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_array (GValue * dest, const GValue * minuend,
    const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  GstValueList *s = VALUE_LIST_ARRAY (subtrahend);
  gint it;
  GType mtype = G_VALUE_TYPE (minuend);

  if (mtype != GST_TYPE_ARRAY && gst_type_is_fixed (mtype)) {

    for (it = 0; it < s->len; it++) {
      const GValue *child = &s->fields[it];

      if (G_VALUE_TYPE (child) == mtype) {
        if (gst_value_compare (minuend, child) == GST_VALUE_EQUAL)
          return FALSE;
      }
    }

    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, minuend);
  } else {
    g_warning ("not implemented");
    return FALSE;
  }

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_fraction_fraction_range (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * minuend, const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  const GValue *min = gst_value_get_fraction_range_min (subtrahend);
  const GValue *max = gst_value_get_fraction_range_max (subtrahend);

  /* subtracting a range from an fraction only works if the fraction
   * is not in the range */
  if (gst_value_compare_fraction (minuend, min) == GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN ||
      gst_value_compare_fraction (minuend, max) == GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN) {
    /* and the result is the value */
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, minuend);
    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_fraction_range_fraction (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * minuend, const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  /* since we don't have open ranges, we cannot create a hole in
   * a range. We return the original range */
  if (dest)
    gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, minuend);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_subtract_fraction_range_fraction_range (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * minuend, const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  /* since we don't have open ranges, we have to approximate */
  /* done like with ints and doubles. Creates a list of 2 fraction ranges */
  const GValue *min1 = gst_value_get_fraction_range_min (minuend);
  const GValue *max2 = gst_value_get_fraction_range_max (minuend);
  const GValue *max1 = gst_value_get_fraction_range_min (subtrahend);
  const GValue *min2 = gst_value_get_fraction_range_max (subtrahend);
  gint cmp1, cmp2;
  GValue v1 = { 0, };
  GValue v2 = { 0, };
  GValue *pv1, *pv2;            /* yeah, hungarian! */

  g_return_val_if_fail (min1 != NULL && max1 != NULL, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (min2 != NULL && max2 != NULL, FALSE);

  cmp1 = gst_value_compare_fraction (max2, max1);
  g_return_val_if_fail (cmp1 != GST_VALUE_UNORDERED, FALSE);
  if (cmp1 == GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN)
    max1 = max2;
  cmp1 = gst_value_compare_fraction (min1, min2);
  g_return_val_if_fail (cmp1 != GST_VALUE_UNORDERED, FALSE);
  if (cmp1 == GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN)
    min2 = min1;

  cmp1 = gst_value_compare_fraction (min1, max1);
  cmp2 = gst_value_compare_fraction (min2, max2);

  if (cmp1 == GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN && cmp2 == GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN) {
    pv1 = &v1;
    pv2 = &v2;
  } else if (cmp1 == GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN) {
    pv1 = dest;
    pv2 = NULL;
  } else if (cmp2 == GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN) {
    pv1 = NULL;
    pv2 = dest;
  } else {
    return FALSE;
  }

  if (!dest)
    return TRUE;

  if (cmp1 == GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN) {
    g_value_init (pv1, GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE);
    gst_value_set_fraction_range (pv1, min1, max1);
  }
  if (cmp2 == GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN) {
    g_value_init (pv2, GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE);
    gst_value_set_fraction_range (pv2, min2, max2);
  }

  if (cmp1 == GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN && cmp2 == GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN) {
    gst_value_list_concat_and_take_values (dest, pv1, pv2);
  }
  return TRUE;
}

/**************
 * comparison *
 **************/

/*
 * gst_value_get_compare_func:
 * @value1: a value to get the compare function for
 *
 * Determines the compare function to be used with values of the same type as
 * @value1. The function can be given to gst_value_compare_with_func().
 *
 * Returns: A #GstValueCompareFunc value
 */
static GstValueCompareFunc
gst_value_get_compare_func (const GValue * value1)
{
  GstValueTable *table, *best = NULL;
  guint i;
  GType type1;

  type1 = G_VALUE_TYPE (value1);

  /* this is a fast check */
  best = gst_value_hash_lookup_type (type1);

  /* slower checks */
  if (G_UNLIKELY (!best || !best->compare)) {
    guint len = gst_value_table->len;

    best = NULL;
    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
      table = &g_array_index (gst_value_table, GstValueTable, i);
      if (table->compare && g_type_is_a (type1, table->type)) {
        if (!best || g_type_is_a (table->type, best->type))
          best = table;
      }
    }
  }
  if (G_LIKELY (best))
    return best->compare;

  return NULL;
}

static inline gboolean
gst_value_can_compare_unchecked (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  if (G_VALUE_TYPE (value1) != G_VALUE_TYPE (value2))
    return FALSE;

  return gst_value_get_compare_func (value1) != NULL;
}

/**
 * gst_value_can_compare:
 * @value1: a value to compare
 * @value2: another value to compare
 *
 * Determines if @value1 and @value2 can be compared.
 *
 * Returns: %TRUE if the values can be compared
 */
gboolean
gst_value_can_compare (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value2), FALSE);

  return gst_value_can_compare_unchecked (value1, value2);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_list_equals_range (const GValue * list, const GValue * value)
{
  const GValue *first;
  guint list_size, n;

  /* TODO: compare against an empty list ? No type though... */
  list_size = VALUE_LIST_SIZE (list);
  if (list_size == 0)
    return FALSE;

  /* compare the basic types - they have to match */
  first = VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (list, 0);
#define CHECK_TYPES(type,prefix) \
  ((first) && G_VALUE_TYPE(first) == prefix##_TYPE_##type && GST_VALUE_HOLDS_##type##_RANGE (value))
  if (CHECK_TYPES (INT, G)) {
    const gint rmin = gst_value_get_int_range_min (value);
    const gint rmax = gst_value_get_int_range_max (value);
    const gint rstep = gst_value_get_int_range_step (value);
    if (rstep == 0)
      return FALSE;
    /* note: this will overflow for min 0 and max INT_MAX, but this
       would only be equal to a list of INT_MAX elements, which seems
       very unlikely */
    if (list_size != rmax / rstep - rmin / rstep + 1)
      return FALSE;
    for (n = 0; n < list_size; ++n) {
      gint v = g_value_get_int (VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (list, n));
      if (v < rmin || v > rmax || v % rstep) {
        return FALSE;
      }
    }
    return TRUE;
  } else if (CHECK_TYPES (INT64, G)) {
    const gint64 rmin = gst_value_get_int64_range_min (value);
    const gint64 rmax = gst_value_get_int64_range_max (value);
    const gint64 rstep = gst_value_get_int64_range_step (value);
    GST_DEBUG ("List/range of int64s");
    if (rstep == 0)
      return FALSE;
    if (list_size != rmax / rstep - rmin / rstep + 1)
      return FALSE;
    for (n = 0; n < list_size; ++n) {
      gint64 v = g_value_get_int64 (VALUE_LIST_GET_VALUE (list, n));
      if (v < rmin || v > rmax || v % rstep)
        return FALSE;
    }
    return TRUE;
  }
#undef CHECK_TYPES

  /* other combinations don't make sense for equality */
  return FALSE;
}

/* "Pure" variant of gst_value_compare which is guaranteed to
 * not have list arguments and therefore does basic comparisons
 */
static inline gint
_gst_value_compare_nolist (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  GstValueCompareFunc compare;

  if (G_VALUE_TYPE (value1) != G_VALUE_TYPE (value2))
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

  compare = gst_value_get_compare_func (value1);
  if (compare) {
    return compare (value1, value2);
  }

  g_critical ("unable to compare values of type %s\n",
      g_type_name (G_VALUE_TYPE (value1)));
  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

/**
 * gst_value_compare:
 * @value1: a value to compare
 * @value2: another value to compare
 *
 * Compares @value1 and @value2.  If @value1 and @value2 cannot be
 * compared, the function returns GST_VALUE_UNORDERED.  Otherwise,
 * if @value1 is greater than @value2, GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN is returned.
 * If @value1 is less than @value2, GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN is returned.
 * If the values are equal, GST_VALUE_EQUAL is returned.
 *
 * Returns: comparison result
 */
gint
gst_value_compare (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  gboolean value1_is_list, value1_is_set;
  gboolean value2_is_list, value2_is_set;

  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value1), GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value2), GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN);

  value1_is_list = G_VALUE_TYPE (value1) == GST_TYPE_LIST;
  value2_is_list = G_VALUE_TYPE (value2) == GST_TYPE_LIST;

  /* Special cases: lists and scalar values ("{ 1 }" and "1" are equal),
     as well as lists and ranges ("{ 1, 2 }" and "[ 1, 2 ]" are equal).
     Make sure to update gst_value_hash() when adding new special cases. */
  if (value1_is_list ^ value2_is_list) {
    gint i, n, ret;
    if (value2_is_list) {
      const GValue *t = value1;
      value1 = value2;
      value2 = t;
    }

    if (gst_value_list_equals_range (value1, value2)) {
      return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
    }

    n = gst_value_list_get_size (value1);
    if (n == 0)
      return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      const GValue *elt;

      elt = gst_value_list_get_value (value1, i);
      ret = gst_value_compare (elt, value2);
      if (ret != GST_VALUE_EQUAL && n == 1)
        return ret;
      else if (ret != GST_VALUE_EQUAL)
        return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
    }

    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
  }

  value1_is_set = G_VALUE_TYPE (value1) == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST;
  value2_is_set = G_VALUE_TYPE (value2) == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST;

  if (value1_is_set ^ value2_is_set) {
    gint i, n, ret;
    if (value2_is_set) {
      const GValue *t = value1;
      value1 = value2;
      value2 = t;
    }

    n = gst_value_unique_list_get_size (value1);

    if (n != 1)
      return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      const GValue *elt;

      elt = gst_value_unique_list_get_value (value1, i);
      ret = gst_value_compare (elt, value2);
      if (ret != GST_VALUE_EQUAL && n == 1)
        return ret;
      else if (ret != GST_VALUE_EQUAL)
        return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
    }

    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
  }

  /* And now handle the generic case */
  return _gst_value_compare_nolist (value1, value2);
}

/* union */

/**
 * gst_value_can_union:
 * @value1: a value to union
 * @value2: another value to union
 *
 * Determines if @value1 and @value2 can be non-trivially unioned.
 * Any two values can be trivially unioned by adding both of them
 * to a GstValueList.  However, certain types have the possibility
 * to be unioned in a simpler way.  For example, an integer range
 * and an integer can be unioned if the integer is a subset of the
 * integer range.  If there is the possibility that two values can
 * be unioned, this function returns %TRUE.
 *
 * Returns: %TRUE if there is a function allowing the two values to
 * be unioned.
 */
gboolean
gst_value_can_union (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  GstValueUnionInfo *union_info;
  guint i, len;

  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value2), FALSE);

  len = gst_value_union_funcs->len;

  for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    union_info = &g_array_index (gst_value_union_funcs, GstValueUnionInfo, i);
    if (union_info->type1 == G_VALUE_TYPE (value1) &&
        union_info->type2 == G_VALUE_TYPE (value2))
      return TRUE;
    if (union_info->type1 == G_VALUE_TYPE (value2) &&
        union_info->type2 == G_VALUE_TYPE (value1))
      return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

/**
 * gst_value_union:
 * @dest: (out caller-allocates): the destination value
 * @value1: a value to union
 * @value2: another value to union
 *
 * Creates a GValue corresponding to the union of @value1 and @value2.
 *
 * Returns: %TRUE if the union succeeded.
 */
gboolean
gst_value_union (GValue * dest, const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  const GstValueUnionInfo *union_info;
  guint i, len;
  GType type1, type2;

  g_return_val_if_fail (dest != NULL, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value2), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (gst_value_list_or_array_are_compatible (value1, value2),
      FALSE);

  len = gst_value_union_funcs->len;
  type1 = G_VALUE_TYPE (value1);
  type2 = G_VALUE_TYPE (value2);

  for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    union_info = &g_array_index (gst_value_union_funcs, GstValueUnionInfo, i);
    if (union_info->type1 == type1 && union_info->type2 == type2) {
      return union_info->func (dest, value1, value2);
    }
    if (union_info->type1 == type2 && union_info->type2 == type1) {
      return union_info->func (dest, value2, value1);
    }
  }

  gst_value_list_concat (dest, value1, value2);
  return TRUE;
}

/* gst_value_register_union_func: (skip)
 * @type1: a type to union
 * @type2: another type to union
 * @func: a function that implements creating a union between the two types
 *
 * Registers a union function that can create a union between #GValue items
 * of the type @type1 and @type2.
 *
 * Union functions should be registered at startup before any pipelines are
 * started, as gst_value_register_union_func() is not thread-safe and cannot
 * be used at the same time as gst_value_union() or gst_value_can_union().
 */
static void
gst_value_register_union_func (GType type1, GType type2, GstValueUnionFunc func)
{
  GstValueUnionInfo union_info;

  union_info.type1 = type1;
  union_info.type2 = type2;
  union_info.func = func;

  g_array_append_val (gst_value_union_funcs, union_info);
}

/* intersection */

/**
 * gst_value_can_intersect:
 * @value1: a value to intersect
 * @value2: another value to intersect
 *
 * Determines if intersecting two values will produce a valid result.
 * Two values will produce a valid intersection if they have the same
 * type.
 *
 * Returns: %TRUE if the values can intersect
 */
gboolean
gst_value_can_intersect (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  GstValueIntersectInfo *intersect_info;
  guint i, len;
  GType type1, type2;

  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value2), FALSE);

  type1 = G_VALUE_TYPE (value1);
  type2 = G_VALUE_TYPE (value2);

  /* practically all GstValue types have a compare function (_can_compare=TRUE)
   * GstStructure and GstCaps have not, but are intersectable */
  if (type1 == type2)
    return TRUE;

  /* special cases */
  if (type1 == GST_TYPE_LIST || type2 == GST_TYPE_LIST)
    return TRUE;

  if (type1 == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST || type2 == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST)
    return TRUE;

  if (G_UNLIKELY (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (value1) &&
          GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (value2))) {
    GType flagset_type;

    flagset_type = GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET;

    /* Allow intersection with the generic FlagSet type, on one
     * side, but not 2 different subtypes - that makes no sense */
    if (type1 == flagset_type || type2 == flagset_type)
      return TRUE;
  }

  /* check registered intersect functions (only different gtype are checked at
   * this point) */
  len = gst_value_intersect_funcs->len;
  for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    intersect_info = &g_array_index (gst_value_intersect_funcs,
        GstValueIntersectInfo, i);
    if ((intersect_info->type1 == type1 && intersect_info->type2 == type2) ||
        (intersect_info->type1 == type2 && intersect_info->type2 == type1))
      return TRUE;
  }

  return gst_value_can_compare_unchecked (value1, value2);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_intersect_caps (GValue * dest, const GValue * value1, const GValue *
    value2)
{
  gboolean empty;
  GstCaps *icaps;
  GstCaps *caps1 = g_value_get_boxed (value1);
  GstCaps *caps2 = g_value_get_boxed (value2);
  g_return_val_if_fail (caps1 != NULL, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (caps2 != NULL, FALSE);

  icaps = gst_caps_intersect (caps1, caps2);
  empty = gst_caps_is_empty (icaps);

  if (dest != NULL) {
    if (dest->g_type != GST_TYPE_CAPS) {
      if (dest->g_type != G_TYPE_INVALID)
        g_value_unset (dest);

      g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_CAPS);
    }

    gst_value_set_caps (dest, icaps);
  }
  gst_caps_unref (icaps);
  return !empty;
}

/**
 * gst_value_intersect:
 * @dest: (out caller-allocates) (transfer full) (allow-none):
 *   a uninitialized #GValue that will hold the calculated
 *   intersection value. May be %NULL if the resulting set if not
 *   needed.
 * @value1: a value to intersect
 * @value2: another value to intersect
 *
 * Calculates the intersection of two values.  If the values have
 * a non-empty intersection, the value representing the intersection
 * is placed in @dest, unless %NULL.  If the intersection is non-empty,
 * @dest is not modified.
 *
 * Returns: %TRUE if the intersection is non-empty
 */
gboolean
gst_value_intersect (GValue * dest, const GValue * value1,
    const GValue * value2)
{
  GstValueIntersectInfo *intersect_info;
  guint i, len;
  GType type1, type2;

  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value2), FALSE);

  type1 = G_VALUE_TYPE (value1);
  type2 = G_VALUE_TYPE (value2);

  /* special cases first */
  if (type1 == GST_TYPE_LIST || type1 == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST)
    return gst_value_intersect_list (dest, value1, value2);
  if (type2 == GST_TYPE_LIST || type2 == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST)
    return gst_value_intersect_list (dest, value2, value1);

  if (_gst_value_compare_nolist (value1, value2) == GST_VALUE_EQUAL) {
    if (dest) {
      if (dest->g_type != G_TYPE_INVALID)
        g_value_copy (value1, dest);
      else
        gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, value1);
    }

    return TRUE;
  }

  if (type1 == type2) {
    /* Equal type comparison */
    if (type1 == GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE)
      return gst_value_intersect_int_range_int_range (dest, value1, value2);
    if (type1 == GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE)
      return gst_value_intersect_int64_range_int64_range (dest, value1, value2);
    if (type1 == GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE)
      return gst_value_intersect_double_range_double_range (dest, value1,
          value2);
    if (type1 == GST_TYPE_ARRAY)
      return gst_value_intersect_array (dest, value1, value2);
    if (type1 == GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE)
      return gst_value_intersect_fraction_range_fraction_range (dest, value1,
          value2);
    if (type1 == GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET)
      return gst_value_intersect_flagset_flagset (dest, value1, value2);
    if (type1 == GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE)
      return gst_value_intersect_structure_structure (dest, value1, value2);
    if (type1 == GST_TYPE_CAPS)
      return gst_value_intersect_caps (dest, value1, value2);
  } else {
    /* Different type comparison */
    len = gst_value_intersect_funcs->len;
    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
      intersect_info = &g_array_index (gst_value_intersect_funcs,
          GstValueIntersectInfo, i);
      if (intersect_info->type1 == type1 && intersect_info->type2 == type2) {
        return intersect_info->func (dest, value1, value2);
      }
      if (intersect_info->type1 == type2 && intersect_info->type2 == type1) {
        return intersect_info->func (dest, value2, value1);
      }
    }
  }

  /* Failed to find a direct intersection, check if these are
   * GstFlagSet sub-types. */
  if (G_UNLIKELY (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (value1) &&
          GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (value2))) {
    return gst_value_intersect_flagset_flagset (dest, value1, value2);
  }

  return FALSE;
}



/* gst_value_register_intersect_func: (skip)
 * @type1: the first type to intersect
 * @type2: the second type to intersect
 * @func: the intersection function
 *
 * Registers a function that is called to calculate the intersection
 * of the values having the types @type1 and @type2.
 *
 * Intersect functions should be registered at startup before any pipelines are
 * started, as gst_value_register_intersect_func() is not thread-safe and
 * cannot be used at the same time as gst_value_intersect() or
 * gst_value_can_intersect().
 */
static void
gst_value_register_intersect_func (GType type1, GType type2,
    GstValueIntersectFunc func)
{
  GstValueIntersectInfo intersect_info;

  intersect_info.type1 = type1;
  intersect_info.type2 = type2;
  intersect_info.func = func;

  g_array_append_val (gst_value_intersect_funcs, intersect_info);
}


/* subtraction */

/**
 * gst_value_subtract:
 * @dest: (out caller-allocates) (allow-none): the destination value
 *     for the result if the subtraction is not empty. May be %NULL,
 *     in which case the resulting set will not be computed, which can
 *     give a fair speedup.
 * @minuend: the value to subtract from
 * @subtrahend: the value to subtract
 *
 * Subtracts @subtrahend from @minuend and stores the result in @dest.
 * Note that this means subtraction as in sets, not as in mathematics.
 *
 * Returns: %TRUE if the subtraction is not empty
 */
gboolean
gst_value_subtract (GValue * dest, const GValue * minuend,
    const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  GstValueSubtractInfo *info;
  guint i, len;
  GType mtype, stype;

  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (minuend), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (subtrahend), FALSE);

  mtype = G_VALUE_TYPE (minuend);
  stype = G_VALUE_TYPE (subtrahend);

  /* special cases first */
  if (mtype == GST_TYPE_LIST || mtype == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST)
    return gst_value_subtract_from_list (dest, minuend, subtrahend);
  if (stype == GST_TYPE_LIST || stype == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST)
    return gst_value_subtract_list (dest, minuend, subtrahend);

  if (mtype == GST_TYPE_ARRAY && stype != GST_TYPE_ARRAY &&
      gst_type_is_fixed (stype))
    return gst_value_subtract_from_array (dest, minuend, subtrahend);

  if (stype == GST_TYPE_ARRAY && mtype != GST_TYPE_ARRAY &&
      gst_type_is_fixed (mtype))
    return gst_value_subtract_array (dest, minuend, subtrahend);

  len = gst_value_subtract_funcs->len;
  for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    info = &g_array_index (gst_value_subtract_funcs, GstValueSubtractInfo, i);
    if (info->minuend == mtype && info->subtrahend == stype) {
      return info->func (dest, minuend, subtrahend);
    }
  }

  if (_gst_value_compare_nolist (minuend, subtrahend) != GST_VALUE_EQUAL) {
    if (dest)
      gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, minuend);
    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

#if 0
gboolean
gst_value_subtract (GValue * dest, const GValue * minuend,
    const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  gboolean ret = gst_value_subtract2 (dest, minuend, subtrahend);

  g_printerr ("\"%s\"  -  \"%s\"  =  \"%s\"\n", gst_value_serialize (minuend),
      gst_value_serialize (subtrahend),
      ret ? gst_value_serialize (dest) : "---");
  return ret;
}
#endif

/**
 * gst_value_can_subtract:
 * @minuend: the value to subtract from
 * @subtrahend: the value to subtract
 *
 * Checks if it's possible to subtract @subtrahend from @minuend.
 *
 * Returns: %TRUE if a subtraction is possible
 */
gboolean
gst_value_can_subtract (const GValue * minuend, const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  GstValueSubtractInfo *info;
  guint i, len;
  GType mtype, stype;

  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (minuend), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (subtrahend), FALSE);

  mtype = G_VALUE_TYPE (minuend);
  stype = G_VALUE_TYPE (subtrahend);

  /* special cases */
  if (mtype == GST_TYPE_LIST || stype == GST_TYPE_LIST)
    return TRUE;
  if (mtype == GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE || stype == GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE)
    return FALSE;

  len = gst_value_subtract_funcs->len;
  for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    info = &g_array_index (gst_value_subtract_funcs, GstValueSubtractInfo, i);
    if (info->minuend == mtype && info->subtrahend == stype)
      return TRUE;
  }

  return gst_value_can_compare_unchecked (minuend, subtrahend);
}

/* gst_value_register_subtract_func: (skip)
 * @minuend_type: type of the minuend
 * @subtrahend_type: type of the subtrahend
 * @func: function to use
 *
 * Registers @func as a function capable of subtracting the values of
 * @subtrahend_type from values of @minuend_type.
 *
 * Subtract functions should be registered at startup before any pipelines are
 * started, as gst_value_register_subtract_func() is not thread-safe and
 * cannot be used at the same time as gst_value_subtract().
 */
static void
gst_value_register_subtract_func (GType minuend_type, GType subtrahend_type,
    GstValueSubtractFunc func)
{
  GstValueSubtractInfo info;

  g_return_if_fail (!gst_type_is_fixed (minuend_type)
      || !gst_type_is_fixed (subtrahend_type));

  info.minuend = minuend_type;
  info.subtrahend = subtrahend_type;
  info.func = func;

  g_array_append_val (gst_value_subtract_funcs, info);
}

/**
 * gst_value_register:
 * @table: structure containing functions to register
 *
 * Registers functions to perform calculations on #GValue items of a given
 * type. Each type can only be added once.
 */
void
gst_value_register (const GstValueTable * table)
{
  GstValueTable *found;

  g_return_if_fail (table != NULL);

  g_array_append_val (gst_value_table, *table);

  found = gst_value_hash_lookup_type (table->type);
  if (found)
    g_warning ("adding type %s multiple times", g_type_name (table->type));

  /* FIXME: we're not really doing the const justice, we assume the table is
   * static */
  gst_value_hash_add_type (table->type, table);
}

/**
 * gst_value_init_and_copy:
 * @dest: (out caller-allocates): the target value
 * @src: the source value
 *
 * Initialises the target value to be of the same type as source and then copies
 * the contents from source to target.
 */
void
gst_value_init_and_copy (GValue * dest, const GValue * src)
{
  GType type;

  g_return_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (src));
  g_return_if_fail (dest != NULL);

  type = G_VALUE_TYPE (src);
  /* We need to shortcut GstValueList/GstValueArray/GstValueUniqueList copying because:
   * * g_value_init would end up allocating something
   * * which g_value_copy would then free and re-alloc.
   *
   * Instead directly call the copy */
  if (type == GST_TYPE_LIST || type == GST_TYPE_ARRAY
      || type == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST) {
    dest->g_type = type;
    gst_value_copy_list_or_array (src, dest);
    return;
  }

  g_value_init (dest, type);
  g_value_copy (src, dest);
}

/* move src into dest and clear src */
static void
gst_value_move (GValue * dest, GValue * src)
{
  g_assert (G_IS_VALUE (src));
  g_assert (dest != NULL);

  *dest = *src;
  memset (src, 0, sizeof (GValue));
}

/**
 * gst_value_serialize:
 * @value: a #GValue to serialize
 *
 * tries to transform the given @value into a string representation that allows
 * getting back this string later on using gst_value_deserialize().
 *
 * Free-function: g_free
 *
 * Returns: (transfer full) (nullable): the serialization for @value
 * or %NULL if none exists
 */
gchar *
gst_value_serialize (const GValue * value)
{
  guint i, len;
  GValue s_val = { 0 };
  GstValueTable *table, *best;
  gchar *s;
  GType type;

  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value), NULL);

  type = G_VALUE_TYPE (value);

  best = gst_value_hash_lookup_type (type);

  if (G_UNLIKELY (!best || !best->serialize)) {
    len = gst_value_table->len;
    best = NULL;
    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
      table = &g_array_index (gst_value_table, GstValueTable, i);
      if (table->serialize && g_type_is_a (type, table->type)) {
        if (!best || g_type_is_a (table->type, best->type))
          best = table;
      }
    }
  }
  if (G_LIKELY (best))
    return best->serialize (value);

  g_value_init (&s_val, G_TYPE_STRING);
  if (g_value_transform (value, &s_val)) {
    s = gst_string_wrap (g_value_get_string (&s_val));
  } else {
    s = NULL;
  }
  g_value_unset (&s_val);

  return s;
}

/**
 * gst_value_deserialize:
 * @dest: (out caller-allocates): #GValue to fill with contents of
 *     deserialization
 * @src: string to deserialize
 *
 * Tries to deserialize a string into the type specified by the given GValue.
 * If the operation succeeds, %TRUE is returned, %FALSE otherwise.
 *
 * Returns: %TRUE on success
 */
gboolean
gst_value_deserialize (GValue * dest, const gchar * src)
{
  GstValueTable *table, *best;
  guint i, len;
  GType type;

  g_return_val_if_fail (src != NULL, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (dest), FALSE);

  type = G_VALUE_TYPE (dest);

  best = gst_value_hash_lookup_type (type);
  if (G_UNLIKELY (!best || (!best->deserialize
              && !best->deserialize_with_pspec))) {
    len = gst_value_table->len;
    best = NULL;
    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
      table = &g_array_index (gst_value_table, GstValueTable, i);
      if ((table->deserialize || table->deserialize_with_pspec) &&
          g_type_is_a (type, table->type)) {
        if (!best || g_type_is_a (table->type, best->type))
          best = table;
      }
    }
  }
  if (G_LIKELY (best)) {
    if (best->deserialize_with_pspec)
      return best->deserialize_with_pspec (dest, src, NULL);
    else
      return best->deserialize (dest, src);
  }

  return FALSE;
}

/**
 * gst_value_deserialize_with_pspec:
 * @dest: (out caller-allocates): #GValue to fill with contents of
 *     deserialization
 * @src: string to deserialize
 * @pspec: (nullable): the #GParamSpec describing the expected value
 *
 * Tries to deserialize a string into the type specified by the given GValue.
 * @pspec may be used to guide the deserializing of nested members.
 * If the operation succeeds, %TRUE is returned, %FALSE otherwise.
 *
 * Returns: %TRUE on success
 * Since: 1.20
 */
gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_with_pspec (GValue * dest, const gchar * src,
    GParamSpec * pspec)
{
  GstValueTable *table, *best;
  guint i, len;
  GType type;

  g_return_val_if_fail (src != NULL, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (dest), FALSE);

  if (pspec)
    g_return_val_if_fail (G_VALUE_TYPE (dest) ==
        G_PARAM_SPEC_VALUE_TYPE (pspec), FALSE);

  type = G_VALUE_TYPE (dest);

  best = gst_value_hash_lookup_type (type);
  if (G_UNLIKELY (!best || (!best->deserialize
              && !best->deserialize_with_pspec))) {
    len = gst_value_table->len;
    best = NULL;
    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
      table = &g_array_index (gst_value_table, GstValueTable, i);
      if ((table->deserialize || table->deserialize_with_pspec) &&
          g_type_is_a (type, table->type)) {
        if (!best || g_type_is_a (table->type, best->type))
          best = table;
      }
    }
  }
  if (G_LIKELY (best)) {
    if (best->deserialize_with_pspec)
      return best->deserialize_with_pspec (dest, src, pspec);
    else
      return best->deserialize (dest, src);
  }

  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
structure_field_is_fixed (const GstIdStr * field, const GValue * val,
    gpointer user_data)
{
  return gst_value_is_fixed (val);
}

/**
 * gst_value_is_fixed:
 * @value: the #GValue to check
 *
 * Tests if the given GValue, if available in a GstStructure (or any other
 * container) contains a "fixed" (which means: one value) or an "unfixed"
 * (which means: multiple possible values, such as data lists or data
 * ranges) value.
 *
 * Returns: true if the value is "fixed".
 */

gboolean
gst_value_is_fixed (const GValue * value)
{
  GType type;

  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (value), FALSE);

  type = G_VALUE_TYPE (value);

  /* the most common types are just basic plain glib types */
  if (type <= G_TYPE_MAKE_FUNDAMENTAL (G_TYPE_RESERVED_GLIB_LAST)) {
    return TRUE;
  }

  if (type == GST_TYPE_ARRAY) {
    gint size, n;
    const GValue *kid;

    /* check recursively */
    size = gst_value_array_get_size (value);
    for (n = 0; n < size; n++) {
      kid = gst_value_array_get_value (value, n);
      if (!gst_value_is_fixed (kid))
        return FALSE;
    }
    return TRUE;
  } else if (type == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST) {
    gint size, n;
    const GValue *kid;

    /* check recursively */
    size = gst_value_unique_list_get_size (value);
    for (n = 0; n < size; n++) {
      kid = gst_value_unique_list_get_value (value, n);
      if (!gst_value_is_fixed (kid))
        return FALSE;
    }
    return TRUE;

  } else if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (value)) {
    /* Flagsets are only fixed if there are no 'don't care' bits */
    return (gst_value_get_flagset_mask (value) == GST_FLAG_SET_MASK_EXACT);
  } else if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_STRUCTURE (value)) {
    return gst_structure_foreach_id_str (gst_value_get_structure (value),
        structure_field_is_fixed, NULL);
  } else if (type == GST_TYPE_CAPS) {
    const GstCaps *caps = gst_value_get_caps (value);
    return !caps || gst_caps_is_fixed (caps);
  }
  return gst_type_is_fixed (type);
}

/**
 * gst_value_fixate:
 * @dest: the #GValue destination
 * @src: the #GValue to fixate
 *
 * Fixate @src into a new value @dest.
 * For ranges, the first element is taken. For lists and arrays, the
 * first item is fixated and returned.
 * If @src is already fixed, this function returns %FALSE.
 *
 * Returns: %TRUE if @dest contains a fixated version of @src.
 */
gboolean
gst_value_fixate (GValue * dest, const GValue * src)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_VALUE (src), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (dest != NULL, FALSE);

  if (G_VALUE_TYPE (src) == GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE) {
    g_value_init (dest, G_TYPE_INT);
    g_value_set_int (dest, gst_value_get_int_range_min (src));
  } else if (G_VALUE_TYPE (src) == GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE) {
    g_value_init (dest, G_TYPE_DOUBLE);
    g_value_set_double (dest, gst_value_get_double_range_min (src));
  } else if (G_VALUE_TYPE (src) == GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE) {
    gst_value_init_and_copy (dest, gst_value_get_fraction_range_min (src));
  } else if (G_VALUE_TYPE (src) == GST_TYPE_LIST) {
    GValue temp = { 0 };

    /* list could be empty */
    if (gst_value_list_get_size (src) <= 0)
      return FALSE;

    gst_value_init_and_copy (&temp, gst_value_list_get_value (src, 0));

    if (!gst_value_fixate (dest, &temp)) {
      gst_value_move (dest, &temp);
    } else {
      g_value_unset (&temp);
    }
  } else if (G_VALUE_TYPE (src) == GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST) {
    gboolean res = FALSE;
    guint n, len;

    len = gst_value_unique_list_get_size (src);
    g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST);
    for (n = 0; n < len; n++) {
      GValue kid = { 0 };
      const GValue *orig_kid = gst_value_unique_list_get_value (src, n);

      if (!gst_value_fixate (&kid, orig_kid))
        gst_value_init_and_copy (&kid, orig_kid);
      else
        res = TRUE;
      _gst_value_array_append_and_take_value (dest, &kid);
    }

    if (!res)
      g_value_unset (dest);

    return res;
  } else if (G_VALUE_TYPE (src) == GST_TYPE_ARRAY) {
    gboolean res = FALSE;
    guint n, len;

    len = gst_value_array_get_size (src);
    g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_ARRAY);
    for (n = 0; n < len; n++) {
      GValue kid = { 0 };
      const GValue *orig_kid = gst_value_array_get_value (src, n);

      if (!gst_value_fixate (&kid, orig_kid))
        gst_value_init_and_copy (&kid, orig_kid);
      else
        res = TRUE;
      _gst_value_array_append_and_take_value (dest, &kid);
    }

    if (!res)
      g_value_unset (dest);

    return res;
  } else if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (src)) {
    guint flags;

    if (gst_value_get_flagset_mask (src) == GST_FLAG_SET_MASK_EXACT)
      return FALSE;             /* Already fixed */

    flags = gst_value_get_flagset_flags (src);
    g_value_init (dest, G_VALUE_TYPE (src));
    gst_value_set_flagset (dest, flags, GST_FLAG_SET_MASK_EXACT);
    return TRUE;
  } else if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_STRUCTURE (src)) {
    const GstStructure *str = (GstStructure *) gst_value_get_structure (src);
    GstStructure *kid;

    if (!str)
      return FALSE;

    kid = gst_structure_copy (str);
    gst_structure_fixate (kid);
    g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE);
    gst_value_set_structure (dest, kid);
    gst_structure_free (kid);
    return TRUE;
  } else if (G_VALUE_TYPE (src) == GST_TYPE_CAPS) {
    g_value_init (dest, GST_TYPE_CAPS);
    GstCaps *caps = (GstCaps *) gst_value_get_caps (src);
    if (caps) {
      caps = gst_caps_fixate (gst_caps_copy (caps));
    }
    gst_value_set_caps (dest, caps);
    if (caps)
      gst_caps_unref (caps);
    return TRUE;
  } else {
    return FALSE;
  }
  return TRUE;
}


/************
 * fraction *
 ************/

/* helper functions */
static void
gst_value_init_fraction (GValue * value)
{
  value->data[0].v_int = 0;
  value->data[1].v_int = 1;
}

static void
gst_value_copy_fraction (const GValue * src_value, GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_int = src_value->data[0].v_int;
  dest_value->data[1].v_int = src_value->data[1].v_int;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_collect_fraction (GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (n_collect_values == 2,
      g_strdup_printf ("not enough value locations for `%s' passed",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (collect_values[1].v_int != 0,
      g_strdup_printf ("passed '0' as denominator for `%s'",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (collect_values[0].v_int >= -G_MAXINT,
      g_strdup_printf
      ("passed value smaller than -G_MAXINT as numerator for `%s'",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (collect_values[1].v_int >= -G_MAXINT,
      g_strdup_printf
      ("passed value smaller than -G_MAXINT as denominator for `%s'",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  gst_value_set_fraction (value,
      collect_values[0].v_int, collect_values[1].v_int);

  return NULL;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_lcopy_fraction (const GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  gint *numerator = collect_values[0].v_pointer;
  gint *denominator = collect_values[1].v_pointer;

  g_return_val_if_fail (numerator != NULL,
      g_strdup_printf ("numerator for `%s' passed as NULL",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));
  g_return_val_if_fail (denominator != NULL,
      g_strdup_printf ("denominator for `%s' passed as NULL",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  *numerator = value->data[0].v_int;
  *denominator = value->data[1].v_int;

  return NULL;
}

/**
 * gst_value_set_fraction:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to #GST_TYPE_FRACTION
 * @numerator: the numerator of the fraction
 * @denominator: the denominator of the fraction
 *
 * Sets @value to the fraction specified by @numerator over @denominator.
 * The fraction gets reduced to the smallest numerator and denominator,
 * and if necessary the sign is moved to the numerator.
 */
void
gst_value_set_fraction (GValue * value, gint numerator, gint denominator)
{
  gint gcd = 0;

  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION (value));
  g_return_if_fail (denominator != 0);
  g_return_if_fail (denominator >= -G_MAXINT);
  g_return_if_fail (numerator >= -G_MAXINT);

  /* normalize sign */
  if (denominator < 0) {
    numerator = -numerator;
    denominator = -denominator;
  }

  /* check for reduction */
  gcd = gst_util_greatest_common_divisor (numerator, denominator);
  if (gcd) {
    numerator /= gcd;
    denominator /= gcd;
  }

  g_assert (denominator > 0);

  value->data[0].v_int = numerator;
  value->data[1].v_int = denominator;
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_fraction_numerator:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to #GST_TYPE_FRACTION
 *
 * Gets the numerator of the fraction specified by @value.
 *
 * Returns: the numerator of the fraction.
 */
gint
gst_value_get_fraction_numerator (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION (value), 0);

  return value->data[0].v_int;
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_fraction_denominator:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to #GST_TYPE_FRACTION
 *
 * Gets the denominator of the fraction specified by @value.
 *
 * Returns: the denominator of the fraction.
 */
gint
gst_value_get_fraction_denominator (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION (value), 1);

  return value->data[1].v_int;
}

/**
 * gst_value_fraction_multiply:
 * @product: a GValue initialized to #GST_TYPE_FRACTION
 * @factor1: a GValue initialized to #GST_TYPE_FRACTION
 * @factor2: a GValue initialized to #GST_TYPE_FRACTION
 *
 * Multiplies the two #GValue items containing a #GST_TYPE_FRACTION and sets
 * @product to the product of the two fractions.
 *
 * Returns: %FALSE in case of an error (like integer overflow), %TRUE otherwise.
 */
gboolean
gst_value_fraction_multiply (GValue * product, const GValue * factor1,
    const GValue * factor2)
{
  gint n1, n2, d1, d2;
  gint res_n, res_d;

  g_return_val_if_fail (product != NULL, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION (factor1), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION (factor2), FALSE);

  n1 = factor1->data[0].v_int;
  n2 = factor2->data[0].v_int;
  d1 = factor1->data[1].v_int;
  d2 = factor2->data[1].v_int;

  if (!gst_util_fraction_multiply (n1, d1, n2, d2, &res_n, &res_d))
    return FALSE;

  gst_value_set_fraction (product, res_n, res_d);

  return TRUE;
}

/**
 * gst_value_fraction_subtract:
 * @dest: a GValue initialized to #GST_TYPE_FRACTION
 * @minuend: a GValue initialized to #GST_TYPE_FRACTION
 * @subtrahend: a GValue initialized to #GST_TYPE_FRACTION
 *
 * Subtracts the @subtrahend from the @minuend and sets @dest to the result.
 *
 * Returns: %FALSE in case of an error (like integer overflow), %TRUE otherwise.
 */
gboolean
gst_value_fraction_subtract (GValue * dest,
    const GValue * minuend, const GValue * subtrahend)
{
  gint n1, n2, d1, d2;
  gint res_n, res_d;

  g_return_val_if_fail (dest != NULL, FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION (minuend), FALSE);
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION (subtrahend), FALSE);

  n1 = minuend->data[0].v_int;
  n2 = subtrahend->data[0].v_int;
  d1 = minuend->data[1].v_int;
  d2 = subtrahend->data[1].v_int;

  if (!gst_util_fraction_add (n1, d1, -n2, d2, &res_n, &res_d))
    return FALSE;
  gst_value_set_fraction (dest, res_n, res_d);

  return TRUE;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_fraction (const GValue * value)
{
  gint32 numerator = value->data[0].v_int;
  gint32 denominator = value->data[1].v_int;
  gboolean positive = TRUE;

  /* get the sign and make components absolute */
  if (numerator < 0) {
    numerator = -numerator;
    positive = !positive;
  }
  if (denominator < 0) {
    denominator = -denominator;
    positive = !positive;
  }

  return g_strdup_printf ("%s%d/%d",
      positive ? "" : "-", numerator, denominator);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_fraction (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  gint num, den;
  gint num_chars;

  if (G_UNLIKELY (s == NULL))
    return FALSE;

  if (G_UNLIKELY (dest == NULL || !GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FRACTION (dest)))
    return FALSE;

  if (sscanf (s, "%d/%d%n", &num, &den, &num_chars) >= 2) {
    if (s[num_chars] != 0)
      return FALSE;
    if (den == 0)
      return FALSE;

    gst_value_set_fraction (dest, num, den);
    return TRUE;
  } else if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "1/max") == 0) {
    gst_value_set_fraction (dest, 1, G_MAXINT);
    return TRUE;
  } else if (sscanf (s, "%d%n", &num, &num_chars) >= 1) {
    if (s[num_chars] != 0)
      return FALSE;
    gst_value_set_fraction (dest, num, 1);
    return TRUE;
  } else if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "min") == 0) {
    gst_value_set_fraction (dest, -G_MAXINT, 1);
    return TRUE;
  } else if (g_ascii_strcasecmp (s, "max") == 0) {
    gst_value_set_fraction (dest, G_MAXINT, 1);
    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

static void
gst_value_transform_fraction_string (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_pointer = gst_value_serialize_fraction (src_value);
}

static void
gst_value_transform_string_fraction (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  if (!gst_value_deserialize_fraction (dest_value,
          src_value->data[0].v_pointer))
    /* If the deserialize fails, ensure we leave the fraction in a
     * valid, if incorrect, state */
    gst_value_set_fraction (dest_value, 0, 1);
}

static void
gst_value_transform_double_fraction (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  gdouble src = g_value_get_double (src_value);
  gint n, d;

  gst_util_double_to_fraction (src, &n, &d);
  gst_value_set_fraction (dest_value, n, d);
}

static void
gst_value_transform_float_fraction (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  gfloat src = g_value_get_float (src_value);
  gint n, d;

  gst_util_double_to_fraction (src, &n, &d);
  gst_value_set_fraction (dest_value, n, d);
}

static void
gst_value_transform_fraction_double (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_double = ((double) src_value->data[0].v_int) /
      ((double) src_value->data[1].v_int);
}

static void
gst_value_transform_fraction_float (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_float = ((float) src_value->data[0].v_int) /
      ((float) src_value->data[1].v_int);
}

static gint
gst_value_compare_fraction (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  gint n1, n2;
  gint d1, d2;
  gint ret;

  n1 = value1->data[0].v_int;
  n2 = value2->data[0].v_int;
  d1 = value1->data[1].v_int;
  d2 = value2->data[1].v_int;

  /* fractions are reduced when set, so we can quickly see if they're equal */
  if (n1 == n2 && d1 == d2)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  if (d1 == 0 && d2 == 0)
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
  else if (d1 == 0)
    return GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN;
  else if (d2 == 0)
    return GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;

  ret = gst_util_fraction_compare (n1, d1, n2, d2);
  if (ret == -1)
    return GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;
  else if (ret == 1)
    return GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN;

  /* Equality can't happen here because we check for that
   * first already */
  g_return_val_if_reached (GST_VALUE_UNORDERED);
}

/*********
 * GDate *
 *********/

static gint
gst_value_compare_date (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  const GDate *date1 = (const GDate *) g_value_get_boxed (value1);
  const GDate *date2 = (const GDate *) g_value_get_boxed (value2);
  guint32 j1, j2;

  if (date1 == date2)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  if ((date1 == NULL || !g_date_valid (date1))
      && (date2 != NULL && g_date_valid (date2))) {
    return GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;
  }

  if ((date2 == NULL || !g_date_valid (date2))
      && (date1 != NULL && g_date_valid (date1))) {
    return GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN;
  }

  if (date1 == NULL || date2 == NULL || !g_date_valid (date1)
      || !g_date_valid (date2)) {
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
  }

  j1 = g_date_get_julian (date1);
  j2 = g_date_get_julian (date2);

  if (j1 == j2)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
  else if (j1 < j2)
    return GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;
  else
    return GST_VALUE_GREATER_THAN;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_date (const GValue * val)
{
  const GDate *date = (const GDate *) g_value_get_boxed (val);

  if (date == NULL || !g_date_valid (date))
    return g_strdup ("9999-99-99");

  return g_strdup_printf ("%04u-%02u-%02u", g_date_get_year (date),
      g_date_get_month (date), g_date_get_day (date));
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_date (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  guint year, month, day;

  if (!s || sscanf (s, "%04u-%02u-%02u", &year, &month, &day) != 3)
    return FALSE;

  if (!g_date_valid_dmy (day, month, year))
    return FALSE;

  g_value_take_boxed (dest, g_date_new_dmy (day, month, year));
  return TRUE;
}

/***************
 * GstDateTime *
 ***************/

static gint
gst_value_compare_date_time (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  const GstDateTime *date1 = (const GstDateTime *) g_value_get_boxed (value1);
  const GstDateTime *date2 = (const GstDateTime *) g_value_get_boxed (value2);

  if (date1 == date2)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  if ((date1 == NULL) && (date2 != NULL)) {
    return GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;
  }
  if ((date2 == NULL) && (date1 != NULL)) {
    return GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;
  }

  /* returns GST_VALUE_* */
  return __gst_date_time_compare (date1, date2);
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_date_time (const GValue * val)
{
  GstDateTime *date = (GstDateTime *) g_value_get_boxed (val);

  if (date == NULL)
    return g_strdup ("null");

  return __gst_date_time_serialize (date, TRUE);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_date_time (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  GstDateTime *datetime;

  if (!s || strcmp (s, "null") == 0) {
    return FALSE;
  }

  datetime = gst_date_time_new_from_iso8601_string (s);
  if (datetime != NULL) {
    g_value_take_boxed (dest, datetime);
    return TRUE;
  }
  GST_WARNING ("Failed to deserialize date time string '%s'", s);
  return FALSE;
}

static void
gst_value_transform_date_string (const GValue * src_value, GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_pointer = gst_value_serialize_date (src_value);
}

static void
gst_value_transform_string_date (const GValue * src_value, GValue * dest_value)
{
  gst_value_deserialize_date (dest_value, src_value->data[0].v_pointer);
}

/*************
 * GDateTime *
 *************/

static gint
gst_value_compare_g_date_time (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  const GDateTime *date1 = (const GDateTime *) g_value_get_boxed (value1);
  const GDateTime *date2 = (const GDateTime *) g_value_get_boxed (value2);

  if (date1 == date2)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  if ((date1 == NULL) && (date2 != NULL)) {
    return GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;
  }
  if ((date2 == NULL) && (date1 != NULL)) {
    return GST_VALUE_LESS_THAN;
  }

  return g_date_time_compare (date1, date2);
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_g_date_time (const GValue * val)
{
  GDateTime *date = (GDateTime *) g_value_get_boxed (val);

  if (date == NULL)
    return g_strdup ("null");

  return g_date_time_format_iso8601 (date);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_g_date_time (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  GstDateTime *gst_datetime;
  GDateTime *datetime;

  if (!s || strcmp (s, "null") == 0) {
    return FALSE;
  }

  /* The Gstreamer iso8601 parser is a bit more forgiving */
  gst_datetime = gst_date_time_new_from_iso8601_string (s);
  if (gst_datetime == NULL) {
    GST_WARNING ("Failed to deserialize date time string '%s'", s);
    return FALSE;
  }
  datetime = gst_date_time_to_g_date_time (gst_datetime);
  gst_date_time_unref (gst_datetime);
  if (datetime != NULL) {
    g_value_take_boxed (dest, datetime);
    return TRUE;
  }
  GST_WARNING ("Failed to deserialize date time string '%s' to GLibDateTime",
      s);
  return FALSE;
}

/*********
 * bytes *
 *********/

static gint
gst_value_compare_bytes (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  GBytes *bytes1 = (GBytes *) g_value_get_boxed (value1);
  GBytes *bytes2 = (GBytes *) g_value_get_boxed (value2);

  if (G_UNLIKELY (!bytes1 || !bytes2)) {
    if (bytes1 == bytes2)
      return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;
    else
      return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
  }

  return g_bytes_compare (bytes1, bytes2);
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_bytes (const GValue * value)
{
  GBytes *bytes = (GBytes *) g_value_get_boxed (value);
  gsize len = 0;
  const guint8 *data;

  data = bytes ? g_bytes_get_data (bytes, &len) : NULL;

  return g_base64_encode (data, len);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_bytes (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  gsize len;
  guint8 *data;

  if (!s) {
    g_value_take_boxed (dest, g_bytes_new (NULL, 0));
    return TRUE;
  }

  data = g_base64_decode (s, &len);
  g_value_take_boxed (dest, g_bytes_new_take (data, len));
  return TRUE;
}


/************
 * bitmask *
 ************/

/* helper functions */
static void
gst_value_init_bitmask (GValue * value)
{
  value->data[0].v_uint64 = 0;
}

static void
gst_value_copy_bitmask (const GValue * src_value, GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_uint64 = src_value->data[0].v_uint64;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_collect_bitmask (GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (n_collect_values == 1,
      g_strdup_printf ("not enough value locations for `%s' passed",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  gst_value_set_bitmask (value, (guint64) collect_values[0].v_int64);

  return NULL;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_lcopy_bitmask (const GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  guint64 *bitmask = collect_values[0].v_pointer;

  g_return_val_if_fail (bitmask != NULL,
      g_strdup_printf ("value for `%s' passed as NULL",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  *bitmask = value->data[0].v_uint64;

  return NULL;
}

/**
 * gst_value_set_bitmask:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to #GST_TYPE_BITMASK
 * @bitmask: the bitmask
 *
 * Sets @value to the bitmask specified by @bitmask.
 */
void
gst_value_set_bitmask (GValue * value, guint64 bitmask)
{
  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_BITMASK (value));

  value->data[0].v_uint64 = bitmask;
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_bitmask:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to #GST_TYPE_BITMASK
 *
 * Gets the bitmask specified by @value.
 *
 * Returns: the bitmask.
 */
guint64
gst_value_get_bitmask (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_BITMASK (value), 0);

  return value->data[0].v_uint64;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_bitmask (const GValue * value)
{
  guint64 bitmask = value->data[0].v_uint64;

  return g_strdup_printf ("0x%016" G_GINT64_MODIFIER "x", bitmask);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_bitmask (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  char *endptr = NULL;
  guint base = 16;
  guint64 val;

  if (G_UNLIKELY (s == NULL))
    return FALSE;

  if (G_UNLIKELY (dest == NULL || !GST_VALUE_HOLDS_BITMASK (dest)))
    return FALSE;

  /*
   * GST 2.0: serialize bitmasks to 0b instead of hex
   */
  if (g_str_has_prefix (s, "0b") || g_str_has_prefix (s, "0B")) {
    s += 2;
    base = 2;
  }

  errno = 0;
  val = g_ascii_strtoull (s, &endptr, base);
  if (val == G_MAXUINT64 && (errno == ERANGE || errno == EINVAL))
    return FALSE;
  if (val == 0 && endptr == s)
    return FALSE;

  gst_value_set_bitmask (dest, val);

  return TRUE;
}

static void
gst_value_transform_bitmask_string (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_pointer = gst_value_serialize_bitmask (src_value);
}

static void
gst_value_transform_string_bitmask (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  if (!gst_value_deserialize_bitmask (dest_value, src_value->data[0].v_pointer))
    gst_value_set_bitmask (dest_value, 0);
}

static void
gst_value_transform_uint64_bitmask (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_uint64 = src_value->data[0].v_uint64;
}

static void
gst_value_transform_bitmask_uint64 (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_uint64 = src_value->data[0].v_uint64;
}

static gint
gst_value_compare_bitmask (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  guint64 v1, v2;

  v1 = value1->data[0].v_uint64;
  v2 = value2->data[0].v_uint64;

  if (v1 == v2)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

/************
 * flagset *
 ************/

/* helper functions */
static void
gst_value_init_flagset (GValue * value)
{
  value->data[0].v_uint = 0;
  value->data[1].v_uint = 0;
}

static void
gst_value_copy_flagset (const GValue * src_value, GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_uint = src_value->data[0].v_uint;
  dest_value->data[1].v_uint = src_value->data[1].v_uint;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_collect_flagset (GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (n_collect_values == 2,
      g_strdup_printf ("not enough value locations for `%s' passed",
          G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value)));

  gst_value_set_flagset (value,
      (guint) collect_values[0].v_int, (guint) collect_values[1].v_int);

  return NULL;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_lcopy_flagset (const GValue * value, guint n_collect_values,
    GTypeCValue * collect_values, guint collect_flags)
{
  guint *flags = collect_values[0].v_pointer;
  guint *mask = collect_values[1].v_pointer;

  *flags = value->data[0].v_uint;
  *mask = value->data[1].v_uint;

  return NULL;
}

/**
 * gst_value_set_flagset:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to %GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET
 * @flags: The value of the flags set or unset
 * @mask: The mask indicate which flags bits must match for comparisons
 *
 * Sets @value to the flags and mask values provided in @flags and @mask.
 * The @flags value indicates the values of flags, the @mask represents
 * which bits in the flag value have been set, and which are "don't care"
 *
 * Since: 1.6
 */
void
gst_value_set_flagset (GValue * value, guint flags, guint mask)
{
  g_return_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (value));

  /* Normalise and only keep flags mentioned in the mask */
  value->data[0].v_uint = flags & mask;
  value->data[1].v_uint = mask;
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_flagset_flags:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to #GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET
 *
 * Retrieve the flags field of a GstFlagSet @value.
 *
 * Returns: the flags field of the flagset instance.
 *
 * Since: 1.6
 */
guint
gst_value_get_flagset_flags (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (value), 0);

  return value->data[0].v_uint;
}

/**
 * gst_value_get_flagset_mask:
 * @value: a GValue initialized to #GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET
 *
 * Retrieve the mask field of a GstFlagSet @value.
 *
 * Returns: the mask field of the flagset instance.
 *
 * Since: 1.6
 */
guint
gst_value_get_flagset_mask (const GValue * value)
{
  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (value), 1);

  return value->data[1].v_uint;
}

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_flagset (const GValue * value)
{
  guint flags = value->data[0].v_uint;
  guint mask = value->data[1].v_uint;
  GstFlagSetClass *set_klass =
      (GstFlagSetClass *) g_type_class_ref (G_VALUE_TYPE (value));
  gchar *result;

  result = g_strdup_printf ("%x:%x", flags, mask);

  /* If this flag set class has an associated GFlags GType, and some
   * bits in the mask, serialize the bits in human-readable form to
   * aid debugging */
  if (mask && set_klass->flags_type) {
    GFlagsClass *flags_klass =
        (GFlagsClass *) (g_type_class_ref (set_klass->flags_type));
    GFlagsValue *fl;
    gchar *tmp;
    gboolean first = TRUE;

    g_return_val_if_fail (flags_klass, NULL);

    /* some bits in the mask are set, so serialize one by one, according
     * to whether that bit is set or cleared in the flags value */
    while (mask) {
      fl = g_flags_get_first_value (flags_klass, mask);
      if (fl == NULL) {
        /* No more bits match in the flags mask - time to stop */
        mask = 0;
        break;
      }

      tmp = g_strconcat (result,
          first ? ":" : "",
          (flags & fl->value) ? "+" : "/", fl->value_nick, NULL);
      g_free (result);
      result = tmp;
      first = FALSE;

      /* clear flag */
      mask &= ~fl->value;
    }
    g_type_class_unref (flags_klass);

  }
  g_type_class_unref (set_klass);

  return result;
}

static gboolean
is_valid_flags_string (const gchar * s)
{
  /* We're looking to match +this/that+other-thing/not-this-thing type strings */
  return g_regex_match_simple ("^([\\+\\/][\\w\\d-]+)+$", s, G_REGEX_CASELESS,
      0);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_flagset (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  gboolean res = FALSE;
  guint flags, mask;
  gchar *cur, *next;

  if (G_UNLIKELY (s == NULL))
    return FALSE;

  if (G_UNLIKELY (dest == NULL || !GST_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAG_SET (dest)))
    return FALSE;

  /* Flagset strings look like %x:%x - hex flags : hex bitmask,
   * 32-bit each, or like a concatenated list of flag nicks,
   * with either '+' or '/' in front. The first form
   * may optionally be followed by ':' and a set of text flag descriptions
   * for easier debugging */

  /* Try and interpret as hex form first, as it's the most efficient */
  /* Read the flags first */
  flags = strtoul (s, &next, 16);
  if (G_UNLIKELY ((flags == 0 && errno == EINVAL) || s == next))
    goto try_as_flags_string;
  /* Next char should be a colon */
  if (next[0] == ':')
    next++;

  /* Read the mask */
  cur = next;
  mask = strtoul (cur, &next, 16);
  if (G_UNLIKELY ((mask == 0 && errno == EINVAL) || cur == next))
    goto try_as_flags_string;

  if (g_str_has_prefix (cur, "0x") || g_str_has_prefix (cur, "0X"))
    cur += 2;

  /* Flagsets are 32 bits hex numbers, so do not accept any number that has more
   * then 8 characters. strtoul() accepts unlimited number of leading zeros and
   * 64bit numbers on 64bit platforms.
   */
  if ((next - cur) > 8)
    return FALSE;

  /* Next char should be NULL terminator, or a ':'. If ':', we need the flag string after */
  if (G_UNLIKELY (next[0] == 0)) {
    res = TRUE;
    goto done;
  }

  if (next[0] != ':')
    return FALSE;

  s = next + 1;

  if (g_str_equal (g_type_name (G_VALUE_TYPE (dest)), "GstFlagSet")) {
    /* If we're parsing a generic flag set, that can mean we're guessing
     * at the type in deserialising a GstStructure so at least check that
     * we have a valid-looking string, so we don't cause deserialisation of
     * other types of strings like 00:01:00:00 - https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=779755 */
    if (is_valid_flags_string (s)) {
      res = TRUE;
      goto done;
    }
    return FALSE;
  }

  /* Otherwise, we already got a hex string for a valid non-generic flagset type */
  res = TRUE;
  goto done;

try_as_flags_string:

  {
    const gchar *set_class = g_type_name (G_VALUE_TYPE (dest));
    GFlagsClass *flags_klass = NULL;
    const gchar *end;

    if (g_str_equal (set_class, "GstFlagSet")) {
      /* There's no hope to parse the fields of generic flag set if we didn't already
       * catch a hex-string above */
      return FALSE;
    }

    /* Flags class is the FlagSet class with 'Set' removed from the end */
    end = g_strrstr (set_class, "Set");

    if (end != NULL) {
      gchar *class_name = g_strndup (set_class, end - set_class);
      GType flags_type = g_type_from_name (class_name);
      if (flags_type == G_TYPE_INVALID) {
        GST_TRACE ("Looking for dynamic type %s", class_name);
        gst_dynamic_type_factory_load (class_name);
      }

      if (flags_type != G_TYPE_INVALID) {
        flags_klass = g_type_class_ref (flags_type);
        GST_TRACE ("Going to parse %s as %s", s, class_name);
      }
      g_free (class_name);
    }

    if (flags_klass) {
      res = gst_value_gflags_str_to_flags (flags_klass, s, &flags, &mask);
      g_type_class_unref (flags_klass);
    }
  }

done:
  if (res)
    gst_value_set_flagset (dest, flags, mask);
  return res;

}

static void
gst_value_transform_flagset_string (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  dest_value->data[0].v_pointer = gst_value_serialize_flagset (src_value);
}

static void
gst_value_transform_string_flagset (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  if (!gst_value_deserialize_flagset (dest_value, src_value->data[0].v_pointer)) {
    /* If the deserialize fails, ensure we leave the flags in a
     * valid, if incorrect, state */
    gst_value_set_flagset (dest_value, 0, 0);
  }
}

static gint
gst_value_compare_flagset (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  guint v1, v2;
  guint m1, m2;

  v1 = value1->data[0].v_uint;
  v2 = value2->data[0].v_uint;

  m1 = value1->data[1].v_uint;
  m2 = value2->data[1].v_uint;

  if (v1 == v2 && m1 == m2)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_int (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  gint i = g_value_get_int (v);
  *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & i);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_int64 (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  gint64 i = g_value_get_int64 (v);
  *res = g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & i);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_long (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  glong l = g_value_get_long (v);

#if GLIB_SIZEOF_LONG == 4
  *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & l);
#else
  *res = g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & l);
#endif

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_uint (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  guint u = g_value_get_uint (v);
  *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & u);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_uint64 (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  guint64 u = g_value_get_uint64 (v);
  *res = g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & u);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_ulong (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  gulong u = g_value_get_ulong (v);
  *res = g_double_hash ((gconstpointer) & u);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_uchar (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  guchar u = g_value_get_uchar (v);
  gint i = u;
  *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & i);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_gtype (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  GType t = g_value_get_gtype (v);

#if GLIB_SIZEOF_SIZE_T == 4
  *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & t);
#else
  *res = g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & t);
#endif

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_double (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  gdouble d = g_value_get_double (v);
  *res = g_double_hash ((gconstpointer) & d);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_float (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  gfloat f = g_value_get_float (v);
  *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & f);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_string (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  const gchar *s = g_value_get_string (v);
  *res = g_str_hash (s);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_boolean (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  gboolean b = g_value_get_boolean (v);
  *res = b ? 1 : 0;
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_enum (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  gint e = g_value_get_enum (v);
  *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & e);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_gflags (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  guint f = g_value_get_flags (v);
  *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & f);
  return TRUE;
}

/* helper to combine hash when hashing ordered container */
static void
combine_hash_ordered (guint * hash, guint value_hash)
{
  /* perform a rotating shift to account for the position in the container */
  *hash = ((*hash << 5) | (*hash >> 27)) ^ value_hash;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_int_range (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  gint min = gst_value_get_int_range_min (v);
  gint max = gst_value_get_int_range_max (v);
  gint step = gst_value_get_int_range_step (v);
  gint i;

  *res = 0;
  /* range and list are considered as equal if they contain the same elements,
     so they should have the same hash. Lists are not ordered so do not account
     for element position when hashing. */
  for (i = min; i <= max; i += step) {
    *res ^= g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & i);
  }

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_int64_range (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  gint64 min = gst_value_get_int64_range_min (v);
  gint64 max = gst_value_get_int64_range_max (v);
  gint64 step = gst_value_get_int64_range_step (v);
  gint64 i;

  *res = 0;
  for (i = min; i <= max; i += step) {
    *res ^= g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & i);
  }

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_double_range (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  gdouble min = gst_value_get_double_range_min (v);
  gdouble max = gst_value_get_double_range_max (v);

  *res = g_double_hash ((gconstpointer) & min) ^ g_double_hash ((gconstpointer)
      & max);

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_g_value_array (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  guint i = 0;
  GValueArray *array = g_value_get_boxed (v);

  *res = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < array->n_values; i++) {
    guint value_hash;
    if (!gst_value_hash (&array->values[i], &value_hash))
      return FALSE;
    combine_hash_ordered (res, value_hash);
  }

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_hash_buffer (GstBuffer * buf, guint * res)
{
  GstMapInfo map;
  guint i;

  *res = 0;

  if (!gst_buffer_map (buf, &map, GST_MAP_READ)) {
    return FALSE;
  }

  for (i = 0; i < map.size; i++) {
    combine_hash_ordered (res, map.data[i]);
  }

  gst_buffer_unmap (buf, &map);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_buffer (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  GstBuffer *buf = gst_value_get_buffer (v);

  /* compare_buffer() only compares the buffer content */
  return gst_hash_buffer (buf, res);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_sample (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  GstSample *sample = gst_value_get_sample (v);
  GstBuffer *buf = gst_sample_get_buffer (sample);

  /* gst_value_compare_sample() only compares buffers */
  return gst_hash_buffer (buf, res);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_fraction (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  gint num = gst_value_get_fraction_numerator (v);
  gint den = gst_value_get_fraction_denominator (v);
  gfloat div = ((gfloat) num) / ((gfloat) den);

  *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & div);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_fraction_range (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  const GValue *min = gst_value_get_fraction_range_min (v);
  const GValue *max = gst_value_get_fraction_range_max (v);
  gint num, den;
  gfloat div;

  num = gst_value_get_fraction_numerator (min);
  den = gst_value_get_fraction_denominator (min);
  div = ((gfloat) num) / ((gfloat) den);
  *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & div);

  num = gst_value_get_fraction_numerator (max);
  den = gst_value_get_fraction_denominator (max);
  div = ((gfloat) num) / ((gfloat) den);
  *res ^= g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & div);

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
hash_structure_foreach (const GstIdStr * fieldname,
    const GValue * value, gpointer user_data)
{
  gint *hash = user_data;
  guint value_hash;

  *hash ^= g_str_hash (gst_id_str_as_str (fieldname));
  if (!gst_value_hash (value, &value_hash))
    return FALSE;
  *hash ^= value_hash;

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_hash_structure (const GstStructure * s, guint * res)
{
  *res = g_str_hash (gst_structure_get_name (s));
  return gst_structure_foreach_id_str (s, hash_structure_foreach, res);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_structure (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  const GstStructure *s = gst_value_get_structure (v);

  return gst_hash_structure (s, res);
}

static gboolean
gst_hash_caps_features (const GstCapsFeatures * features, guint * res)
{
  guint i;

  if (gst_caps_features_is_any (features)) {
    *res = g_str_hash ("ANY");
    return TRUE;
  } else if (gst_caps_features_get_size (features) == 0) {
    *res = g_str_hash ("EMPTY");
    return TRUE;
  }

  *res = 0;

  for (i = 0; i < gst_caps_features_get_size (features); i++) {
    const gchar *feature = gst_caps_features_get_nth (features, i);
    *res ^= g_str_hash (feature);
  }

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_caps_features (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  const GstCapsFeatures *features = gst_value_get_caps_features (v);
  return gst_hash_caps_features (features, res);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_caps (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  const GstCaps *caps = gst_value_get_caps (v);
  guint i;
  guint n = gst_caps_get_size (caps);

  if (gst_caps_is_any (caps)) {
    *res = g_str_hash ("ANY");
    return TRUE;
  } else if (n == 0) {
    *res = g_str_hash ("EMPTY");
    return TRUE;
  }

  *res = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    GstCapsFeatures *features = gst_caps_get_features (caps, i);
    guint hash;

    if (!gst_hash_structure (gst_caps_get_structure (caps, i), &hash))
      return FALSE;
    *res ^= hash;

    if (!gst_hash_caps_features (features, &hash))
      return FALSE;
    *res ^= hash;
  }

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_tag_list (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  const GstTagList *tags = g_value_get_boxed (v);
  const GstStructure *s;

  s = _gst_tag_list_structure (tags);
  return gst_hash_structure (s, res);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_date (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  const GDate *date = g_value_get_boxed (v);
  guint32 julian, year, month, day;

  julian = g_date_get_julian (date);
  if (julian) {
    *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & julian);
    return TRUE;
  }

  year = g_date_get_year (date);
  month = g_date_get_month (date);
  day = g_date_get_day (date);

  *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & year);
  combine_hash_ordered (res, g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & month));
  combine_hash_ordered (res, g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & day));

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_hash_g_date_time (const GDateTime * dt, guint * res)
{
  gint64 unix_time;

  unix_time = g_date_time_to_unix ((GDateTime *) dt);
  *res = g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & unix_time);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_g_date_time (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  GDateTime *dt = g_value_get_boxed (v);
  return gst_hash_g_date_time (dt, res);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_date_time (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  GstDateTime *dt = g_value_get_boxed (v);
  GDateTime *gdt;
  gboolean ret_val;

  gdt = gst_date_time_to_g_date_time (dt);
  ret_val = gst_hash_g_date_time (gdt, res);

  g_date_time_unref (gdt);
  return ret_val;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_bytes (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  GBytes *bytes = g_value_get_boxed (v);
  const guint *data;
  gsize size, i;

  *res = 0;
  data = g_bytes_get_data (bytes, &size);

  for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
    combine_hash_ordered (res, data[i]);
  }

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_bitmask (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  guint64 mask = gst_value_get_bitmask (v);
  *res = g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & mask);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_flagset (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  guint flags = gst_value_get_flagset_flags (v);
  guint mask = gst_value_get_flagset_mask (v);
  guint value = flags & mask;
  *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & value);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_segment (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  GstSegment *segment = g_value_get_boxed (v);

  *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & segment->flags);
  combine_hash_ordered (res, g_double_hash ((gconstpointer) & segment->rate));
  combine_hash_ordered (res,
      g_double_hash ((gconstpointer) & segment->applied_rate));
  combine_hash_ordered (res, g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & segment->format));
  combine_hash_ordered (res, g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & segment->base));
  combine_hash_ordered (res, g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & segment->offset));
  combine_hash_ordered (res, g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & segment->start));
  combine_hash_ordered (res, g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & segment->stop));
  combine_hash_ordered (res, g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & segment->time));
  combine_hash_ordered (res,
      g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & segment->position));
  combine_hash_ordered (res,
      g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & segment->duration));

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_allocation_params (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  GstAllocationParams *params = g_value_get_boxed (v);

  *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & params->flags);
  combine_hash_ordered (res, g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & params->align));
  combine_hash_ordered (res, g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & params->prefix));
  combine_hash_ordered (res, g_int64_hash ((gconstpointer) & params->padding));

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_object (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  GObject *obj = g_value_get_object (v);
  *res = g_direct_hash (obj);
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_value_list (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  guint i, n;

  *res = 0;
  /* value list not ordered */
  n = gst_value_list_get_size (v);
  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    guint value_hash;

    if (!gst_value_hash (gst_value_list_get_value (v, i), &value_hash))
      return FALSE;
    *res ^= value_hash;
  }

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_value_array (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  guint i, n;

  *res = 0;
  /* value array is ordered */
  n = gst_value_array_get_size (v);
  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    guint value_hash;

    if (!gst_value_hash (gst_value_array_get_value (v, i), &value_hash))
      return FALSE;
    combine_hash_ordered (res, value_hash);
  }

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_value_unique_list (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  return gst_value_hash_value_list (v, res);
}

static gboolean
gst_value_hash_strv (const GValue * v, guint * res)
{
  GStrv strv = g_value_get_boxed (v);
  guint i, n;

  *res = 0;

  /* GStrv is ordered */
  n = g_strv_length (strv);
  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    combine_hash_ordered (res, g_str_hash (strv[i]));
  }

  return TRUE;
}

/***********************
 * GstAllocationParams *
 ***********************/
static gint
gst_value_compare_allocation_params (const GValue * value1,
    const GValue * value2)
{
  GstAllocationParams *v1, *v2;

  v1 = value1->data[0].v_pointer;
  v2 = value2->data[0].v_pointer;

  if (v1 == NULL && v1 == v2)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  if (v1 == NULL || v2 == NULL)
    return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;

  if (v1->flags == v2->flags && v1->align == v2->align &&
      v1->prefix == v2->prefix && v1->padding == v2->padding)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

static void
gst_value_transform_allocation_params_string (const GValue * value1,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  GstAllocationParams *params = value1->data[0].v_pointer;
  gchar *res;

  if (params) {
    GstStructure *s = NULL;

    s = gst_structure_new_static_str ("GstAllocationParams",
        "flags", GST_TYPE_MEMORY_FLAGS, params->flags,
        "align", G_TYPE_UINT64, (guint64) params->align,
        "prefix", G_TYPE_UINT64, (guint64) params->prefix,
        "padding", G_TYPE_UINT64, (guint64) params->padding, NULL);

    res = gst_structure_to_string (s);
    gst_structure_free (s);
  } else {
    res = g_strdup ("NULL");
  }

  dest_value->data[0].v_pointer = res;
}

/************
 * GObject *
 ************/

static gint
gst_value_compare_object (const GValue * value1, const GValue * value2)
{
  gpointer v1, v2;

  v1 = value1->data[0].v_pointer;
  v2 = value2->data[0].v_pointer;

  if (v1 == v2)
    return GST_VALUE_EQUAL;

  return GST_VALUE_UNORDERED;
}

static void
gst_value_transform_object_string (const GValue * src_value,
    GValue * dest_value)
{
  GstObject *obj;
  gchar *str;

  obj = g_value_get_object (src_value);
  if (obj) {
    str =
        g_strdup_printf ("(%s) %s", G_OBJECT_TYPE_NAME (obj),
        GST_OBJECT_NAME (obj));
  } else {
    str = g_strdup ("NULL");
  }

  dest_value->data[0].v_pointer = str;
}

/*********
 * GStrv *
 *********/

static gchar *
gst_value_serialize_strv (const GValue * value)
{
  const gchar **strv = g_value_get_boxed (value);
  GString *str = g_string_new ("<");

  while (*strv != NULL) {
    const gchar *s = *strv;

    /* Add separator if it's not the first string */
    if (str->len > 1)
      g_string_append_c (str, ',');

    g_string_append_c (str, '\"');

    /* Escape \ to \\ and " to \" */
    while (*s != '\0') {
      if (*s == '\"' || *s == '\\')
        g_string_append_c (str, '\\');
      g_string_append_c (str, *s);
      s++;
    }

    g_string_append_c (str, '\"');

    strv++;
  }

  g_string_append_c (str, '>');

  return g_string_free (str, FALSE);
}

static gboolean
_priv_gst_value_parse_strv (const gchar * s, const gchar ** after,
    GValue * dest)
{
  /* Parse the format <"foo","bar"> with spaces allowed between delimiters,
   * and \ for escaping. */
  if (*s != '<')
    return FALSE;
  s++;

  while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
    s++;

  GPtrArray *strv = g_ptr_array_new_with_free_func (g_free);
  while (*s != '>') {
    if (*s != '\"')
      goto error;
    s++;

    /* Find string end and check if we need to unescape it */
    gboolean escaped = FALSE;
    const gchar *start = s;
    while (*s != '\"') {
      if (*s == '\\') {
        escaped = TRUE;
        s++;
      }
      if (*s == '\0')
        goto error;
      s++;
    }
    s++;

    /* Always copy the whole string and unescape inplace */
    gchar *substr = g_strndup (start, s - start - 1);
    if (escaped) {
      gchar *p1 = substr;
      const gchar *p2 = substr;
      while (*p2 != '\0') {
        if (*p2 == '\\')
          p2++;
        *p1 = *p2;
        p1++;
        p2++;
      }
      *p1 = '\0';
    }

    g_ptr_array_add (strv, substr);

    while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
      s++;

    if (*s == ',') {
      s++;
      while (g_ascii_isspace (*s))
        s++;
    }
  }

  g_ptr_array_add (strv, NULL);
  g_value_take_boxed (dest, g_ptr_array_free (strv, FALSE));

  *after = s + 1;

  return TRUE;

error:
  g_ptr_array_free (strv, TRUE);
  return FALSE;
}

static gboolean
gst_value_deserialize_strv (GValue * dest, const gchar * s)
{
  /* If it's not starting with '<' assume it's a simple comma separated list
   * with no escaping. This makes usage in gst-launch-1.0 easier. */
  if (*s != '<') {
    g_value_take_boxed (dest, g_strsplit (s, ",", -1));
    return TRUE;
  }
  return _priv_gst_value_parse_strv (s, &s, dest);
}

static GTypeInfo _info = {
  0, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, NULL, NULL,
};

static GTypeFundamentalInfo _finfo = {
  0
};

#define FUNC_VALUE_GET_TYPE_CLASSED(type, name, csize, flags)   \
GType _gst_ ## type ## _type = 0;                               \
                                                                \
GType gst_ ## type ## _get_type (void)                          \
{                                                               \
  static GType gst_ ## type ## _type = 0;              \
                                                                \
  if (g_once_init_enter (&gst_ ## type ## _type)) {             \
    GType _type;                                                \
    _info.class_size = csize;                                   \
    _finfo.type_flags = flags;                                  \
    _info.value_table = & _gst_ ## type ## _value_table;        \
    _type = g_type_register_fundamental (                       \
        g_type_fundamental_next (),                             \
        name, &_info, &_finfo, 0);                              \
    _gst_ ## type ## _type = _type;                             \
    g_once_init_leave(&gst_ ## type ## _type, _type);           \
  }                                                             \
                                                                \
  return gst_ ## type ## _type;                                 \
}

#define FUNC_VALUE_GET_TYPE(type, name) \
  FUNC_VALUE_GET_TYPE_CLASSED(type, name, 0, 0)

static const GTypeValueTable _gst_int_range_value_table = {
  gst_value_init_int_range,
  NULL,
  gst_value_copy_int_range,
  NULL,
  (char *) "ii",
  gst_value_collect_int_range, (char *) "pp", gst_value_lcopy_int_range
};

FUNC_VALUE_GET_TYPE (int_range, "GstIntRange");

static const GTypeValueTable _gst_int64_range_value_table = {
  gst_value_init_int64_range,
  gst_value_free_int64_range,
  gst_value_copy_int64_range,
  NULL,
  (char *) "qq",
  gst_value_collect_int64_range,
  (char *) "pp", gst_value_lcopy_int64_range
};

FUNC_VALUE_GET_TYPE (int64_range, "GstInt64Range");

static const GTypeValueTable _gst_double_range_value_table = {
  gst_value_init_double_range,
  NULL,
  gst_value_copy_double_range,
  NULL,
  (char *) "dd",
  gst_value_collect_double_range,
  (char *) "pp", gst_value_lcopy_double_range
};

FUNC_VALUE_GET_TYPE (double_range, "GstDoubleRange");

static const GTypeValueTable _gst_fraction_range_value_table = {
  gst_value_init_fraction_range,
  gst_value_free_fraction_range,
  gst_value_copy_fraction_range,
  NULL,
  (char *) "iiii",
  gst_value_collect_fraction_range,
  (char *) "pppp", gst_value_lcopy_fraction_range
};

FUNC_VALUE_GET_TYPE (fraction_range, "GstFractionRange");

static const GTypeValueTable _gst_value_list_value_table = {
  gst_value_init_list_or_array,
  gst_value_free_list_or_array,
  gst_value_copy_list_or_array,
  gst_value_list_or_array_peek_pointer,
  (char *) "p",
  gst_value_collect_list_or_array,
  (char *) "p", gst_value_lcopy_list_or_array
};

FUNC_VALUE_GET_TYPE (value_list, "GstValueList");

static const GTypeValueTable _gst_value_array_value_table = {
  gst_value_init_list_or_array,
  gst_value_free_list_or_array,
  gst_value_copy_list_or_array,
  gst_value_list_or_array_peek_pointer,
  (char *) "p",
  gst_value_collect_list_or_array,
  (char *) "p", gst_value_lcopy_list_or_array
};

FUNC_VALUE_GET_TYPE (value_array, "GstValueArray");

static const GTypeValueTable _gst_value_unique_list_value_table = {
  gst_value_init_list_or_array,
  gst_value_free_list_or_array,
  gst_value_copy_list_or_array,
  gst_value_list_or_array_peek_pointer,
  (char *) "p",
  gst_value_collect_list_or_array,
  (char *) "p",
  gst_value_lcopy_list_or_array
};

FUNC_VALUE_GET_TYPE (value_unique_list, "GstValueUniqueList");

static const GTypeValueTable _gst_fraction_value_table = {
  gst_value_init_fraction,
  NULL,
  gst_value_copy_fraction,
  NULL,
  (char *) "ii",
  gst_value_collect_fraction, (char *) "pp", gst_value_lcopy_fraction
};

FUNC_VALUE_GET_TYPE (fraction, "GstFraction");

static const GTypeValueTable _gst_bitmask_value_table = {
  gst_value_init_bitmask,
  NULL,
  gst_value_copy_bitmask,
  NULL,
  (char *) "q",
  gst_value_collect_bitmask, (char *) "p", gst_value_lcopy_bitmask
};

FUNC_VALUE_GET_TYPE (bitmask, "GstBitmask");

static const GTypeValueTable _gst_flagset_value_table = {
  gst_value_init_flagset,
  NULL,
  gst_value_copy_flagset,
  NULL,
  (char *) "ii",
  gst_value_collect_flagset, (char *) "pp", gst_value_lcopy_flagset
};

FUNC_VALUE_GET_TYPE_CLASSED (flagset, "GstFlagSet",
    sizeof (GstFlagSetClass), G_TYPE_FLAG_CLASSED | G_TYPE_FLAG_DERIVABLE);

GType
gst_g_thread_get_type (void)
{
  return G_TYPE_THREAD;
}

#define SERIAL_VTABLE(t,c,s,d,h) { t, c, s, d, NULL, h }
#define SERIAL_VTABLE_PSPEC(t,c,s,d,h) { t, c, s, NULL, d, h }

#define REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_CONST(_gtype, _type)                     \
G_STMT_START {                                                          \
  static const GstValueTable gst_value =                                \
    SERIAL_VTABLE (_gtype, gst_value_compare_ ## _type,                 \
    gst_value_serialize_ ## _type, gst_value_deserialize_ ## _type,     \
    gst_value_hash_ ## _type);                                          \
  gst_value_register (&gst_value);                                      \
} G_STMT_END

#define REGISTER_SERIALIZATION(_gtype, _type)                           \
G_STMT_START {                                                          \
  static GstValueTable gst_value =                                      \
    SERIAL_VTABLE (0, gst_value_compare_ ## _type,                      \
    gst_value_serialize_ ## _type, gst_value_deserialize_ ## _type,     \
    gst_value_hash_ ## _type);                                          \
  gst_value.type = _gtype;                                              \
  gst_value_register (&gst_value);                                      \
} G_STMT_END

#define REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_WITH_PSPEC(_gtype, _type)                \
G_STMT_START {                                                          \
  static GstValueTable gst_value =                                      \
    SERIAL_VTABLE_PSPEC (0, gst_value_compare_ ## _type,                \
    gst_value_serialize_ ## _type, gst_value_deserialize_ ## _type,     \
    gst_value_hash_ ## _type);                                          \
  gst_value.type = _gtype;                                              \
  gst_value_register (&gst_value);                                      \
} G_STMT_END

#define REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_NO_COMPARE(_gtype, _type)                \
G_STMT_START {                                                          \
  static GstValueTable gst_value =                                      \
    SERIAL_VTABLE (0, NULL,                                             \
    gst_value_serialize_ ## _type, gst_value_deserialize_ ## _type,     \
    gst_value_hash_ ## _type);                                          \
  gst_value.type = _gtype;                                              \
  gst_value_register (&gst_value);                                      \
} G_STMT_END

#define REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_COMPARE_ONLY(_gtype, _type)              \
G_STMT_START {                                                          \
  static GstValueTable gst_value =                                      \
    SERIAL_VTABLE (0, gst_value_compare_ ## _type,                      \
        NULL, NULL, gst_value_hash_ ## _type);                                                    \
  gst_value.type = _gtype;                                              \
  gst_value_register (&gst_value);                                      \
} G_STMT_END

/* These initial sizes are used for the tables
 * below, and save a couple of reallocs at startup */

static const gint GST_VALUE_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE = 40;
static const gint GST_VALUE_UNION_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE = 8;
static const gint GST_VALUE_INTERSECT_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE = 4;
static const gint GST_VALUE_SUBTRACT_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE = 16;

void
_priv_gst_value_initialize (void)
{
  gst_value_table =
      g_array_sized_new (FALSE, FALSE, sizeof (GstValueTable),
      GST_VALUE_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE);
  gst_value_hash_table = g_hash_table_new (NULL, NULL);
  gst_value_union_funcs = g_array_sized_new (FALSE, FALSE,
      sizeof (GstValueUnionInfo), GST_VALUE_UNION_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE);
  gst_value_intersect_funcs = g_array_sized_new (FALSE, FALSE,
      sizeof (GstValueIntersectInfo), GST_VALUE_INTERSECT_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE);
  gst_value_subtract_funcs = g_array_sized_new (FALSE, FALSE,
      sizeof (GstValueSubtractInfo), GST_VALUE_SUBTRACT_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE);

  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (gst_int_range_get_type (), int_range);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (gst_int64_range_get_type (), int64_range);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (gst_double_range_get_type (), double_range);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (gst_fraction_range_get_type (), fraction_range);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (g_value_array_get_type (), g_value_array);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (gst_buffer_get_type (), buffer);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (gst_sample_get_type (), sample);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (gst_fraction_get_type (), fraction);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (gst_caps_get_type (), caps);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (gst_tag_list_get_type (), tag_list);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (G_TYPE_DATE, date);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (G_TYPE_BYTES, bytes);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (gst_date_time_get_type (), date_time);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (G_TYPE_DATE_TIME, g_date_time);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (gst_bitmask_get_type (), bitmask);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (gst_structure_get_type (), structure);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (gst_flagset_get_type (), flagset);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION (G_TYPE_GTYPE, gtype);

  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_NO_COMPARE (gst_segment_get_type (), segment);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_NO_COMPARE (gst_caps_features_get_type (),
      caps_features);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_NO_COMPARE (G_TYPE_STRV, strv);

  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_COMPARE_ONLY (gst_allocation_params_get_type (),
      allocation_params);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_COMPARE_ONLY (G_TYPE_OBJECT, object);

  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_CONST (G_TYPE_DOUBLE, double);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_CONST (G_TYPE_FLOAT, float);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_CONST (G_TYPE_STRING, string);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_CONST (G_TYPE_BOOLEAN, boolean);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_CONST (G_TYPE_ENUM, enum);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_CONST (G_TYPE_FLAGS, gflags);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_CONST (G_TYPE_INT, int);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_CONST (G_TYPE_INT64, int64);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_CONST (G_TYPE_LONG, long);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_CONST (G_TYPE_UINT, uint);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_CONST (G_TYPE_UINT64, uint64);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_CONST (G_TYPE_ULONG, ulong);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_CONST (G_TYPE_UCHAR, uchar);

  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_WITH_PSPEC (gst_value_list_get_type (), value_list);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_WITH_PSPEC (gst_value_array_get_type (), value_array);
  REGISTER_SERIALIZATION_WITH_PSPEC (gst_value_unique_list_get_type (),
      value_unique_list);


  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE, G_TYPE_STRING,
      gst_value_transform_int_range_string);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE, G_TYPE_STRING,
      gst_value_transform_int64_range_string);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE, G_TYPE_STRING,
      gst_value_transform_double_range_string);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE, G_TYPE_STRING,
      gst_value_transform_fraction_range_string);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_LIST, G_TYPE_STRING,
      gst_value_transform_list_string);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_LIST, G_TYPE_VALUE_ARRAY,
      gst_value_transform_any_list_g_value_array);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_ARRAY, G_TYPE_STRING,
      gst_value_transform_array_string);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_ARRAY, G_TYPE_VALUE_ARRAY,
      gst_value_transform_any_list_g_value_array);
  g_value_register_transform_func (G_TYPE_VALUE_ARRAY, G_TYPE_STRING,
      gst_value_transform_g_value_array_string);
  g_value_register_transform_func (G_TYPE_VALUE_ARRAY, GST_TYPE_ARRAY,
      gst_value_transform_g_value_array_any_list);
  g_value_register_transform_func (G_TYPE_VALUE_ARRAY, GST_TYPE_LIST,
      gst_value_transform_g_value_array_any_list);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST, G_TYPE_STRING,
      gst_value_transform_set_string);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_FRACTION, G_TYPE_STRING,
      gst_value_transform_fraction_string);
  g_value_register_transform_func (G_TYPE_STRING, GST_TYPE_FRACTION,
      gst_value_transform_string_fraction);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_FRACTION, G_TYPE_DOUBLE,
      gst_value_transform_fraction_double);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_FRACTION, G_TYPE_FLOAT,
      gst_value_transform_fraction_float);
  g_value_register_transform_func (G_TYPE_DOUBLE, GST_TYPE_FRACTION,
      gst_value_transform_double_fraction);
  g_value_register_transform_func (G_TYPE_FLOAT, GST_TYPE_FRACTION,
      gst_value_transform_float_fraction);
  g_value_register_transform_func (G_TYPE_DATE, G_TYPE_STRING,
      gst_value_transform_date_string);
  g_value_register_transform_func (G_TYPE_STRING, G_TYPE_DATE,
      gst_value_transform_string_date);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_OBJECT, G_TYPE_STRING,
      gst_value_transform_object_string);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_BITMASK, G_TYPE_UINT64,
      gst_value_transform_bitmask_uint64);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_BITMASK, G_TYPE_STRING,
      gst_value_transform_bitmask_string);
  g_value_register_transform_func (G_TYPE_UINT64, GST_TYPE_BITMASK,
      gst_value_transform_uint64_bitmask);
  g_value_register_transform_func (G_TYPE_STRING, GST_TYPE_BITMASK,
      gst_value_transform_string_bitmask);

  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET, G_TYPE_STRING,
      gst_value_transform_flagset_string);
  g_value_register_transform_func (G_TYPE_STRING, GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET,
      gst_value_transform_string_flagset);
  g_value_register_transform_func (GST_TYPE_ALLOCATION_PARAMS, G_TYPE_STRING,
      gst_value_transform_allocation_params_string);

  /* Only register intersection functions for *different* types.
   * Identical type intersection should be specified directly in
   * gst_value_intersect() */
  gst_value_register_intersect_func (G_TYPE_INT, GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE,
      gst_value_intersect_int_int_range);
  gst_value_register_intersect_func (G_TYPE_INT64, GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE,
      gst_value_intersect_int64_int64_range);
  gst_value_register_intersect_func (G_TYPE_DOUBLE, GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE,
      gst_value_intersect_double_double_range);
  gst_value_register_intersect_func (GST_TYPE_FRACTION,
      GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE, gst_value_intersect_fraction_fraction_range);

  gst_value_register_subtract_func (G_TYPE_INT, GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE,
      gst_value_subtract_int_int_range);
  gst_value_register_subtract_func (GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE, G_TYPE_INT,
      gst_value_subtract_int_range_int);
  gst_value_register_subtract_func (GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE, GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE,
      gst_value_subtract_int_range_int_range);
  gst_value_register_subtract_func (G_TYPE_INT64, GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE,
      gst_value_subtract_int64_int64_range);
  gst_value_register_subtract_func (GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE, G_TYPE_INT64,
      gst_value_subtract_int64_range_int64);
  gst_value_register_subtract_func (GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE,
      GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE, gst_value_subtract_int64_range_int64_range);
  gst_value_register_subtract_func (G_TYPE_DOUBLE, GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE,
      gst_value_subtract_double_double_range);
  gst_value_register_subtract_func (GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE, G_TYPE_DOUBLE,
      gst_value_subtract_double_range_double);
  gst_value_register_subtract_func (GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE,
      GST_TYPE_DOUBLE_RANGE, gst_value_subtract_double_range_double_range);
  gst_value_register_subtract_func (GST_TYPE_FRACTION,
      GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE, gst_value_subtract_fraction_fraction_range);
  gst_value_register_subtract_func (GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE,
      GST_TYPE_FRACTION, gst_value_subtract_fraction_range_fraction);
  gst_value_register_subtract_func (GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE,
      GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE,
      gst_value_subtract_fraction_range_fraction_range);

  {
    GType date_type = G_TYPE_DATE;

    g_type_name (date_type);
  }

  gst_value_register_union_func (G_TYPE_INT, GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE,
      gst_value_union_int_int_range);
  gst_value_register_union_func (GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE, GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE,
      gst_value_union_int_range_int_range);
  gst_value_register_union_func (GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET, GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET,
      gst_value_union_flagset_flagset);
  gst_value_register_union_func (GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE, GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE,
      gst_value_union_structure_structure);
  gst_value_register_union_func (GST_TYPE_FRACTION, GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE,
      gst_value_union_fraction_fraction_range);
  gst_value_register_union_func (GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE,
      GST_TYPE_FRACTION_RANGE, gst_value_union_fraction_range_fraction_range);
  gst_value_register_union_func (GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST,
      GST_TYPE_UNIQUE_LIST, gst_value_union_set_set);

#if GST_VERSION_NANO == 1
  /* If building from git master, check starting array sizes matched actual size
   * so we can keep the defines in sync and save a few reallocs on startup */
  if (gst_value_table->len > GST_VALUE_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE) {
    GST_ERROR ("Wrong initial gst_value_table size. "
        "Please set GST_VALUE_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE to %u in gstvalue.c",
        gst_value_table->len);
  }
  if (gst_value_union_funcs->len > GST_VALUE_UNION_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE) {
    GST_ERROR ("Wrong initial gst_value_union_funcs table size. "
        "Please set GST_VALUE_UNION_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE to %u in gstvalue.c",
        gst_value_union_funcs->len);
  }
  if (gst_value_intersect_funcs->len > GST_VALUE_INTERSECT_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE) {
    GST_ERROR ("Wrong initial gst_value_intersect_funcs table size. "
        "Please set GST_VALUE_INTERSECT_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE to %u in gstvalue.c",
        gst_value_intersect_funcs->len);
  }
  if (gst_value_subtract_funcs->len > GST_VALUE_SUBTRACT_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE) {
    GST_ERROR ("Wrong initial gst_value_subtract_funcs table size. "
        "Please set GST_VALUE_SUBTRACT_TABLE_DEFAULT_SIZE to %u in gstvalue.c",
        gst_value_subtract_funcs->len);
  }
#endif
}

static void
gst_flagset_class_init (gpointer g_class, gpointer class_data)
{
  GstFlagSetClass *f_class = (GstFlagSetClass *) (g_class);
  f_class->flags_type = (GType) GPOINTER_TO_SIZE (class_data);
}

/**
 * gst_flagset_register:
 * @flags_type: a #GType of a #G_TYPE_FLAGS type.
 *
 * Create a new sub-class of #GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET
 * which will pretty-print the human-readable flags
 * when serializing, for easier debugging.
 *
 * Since: 1.6
 */
GType
gst_flagset_register (GType flags_type)
{
  GTypeInfo info = {
    sizeof (GstFlagSetClass),
    NULL, NULL,
    (GClassInitFunc) gst_flagset_class_init,
    NULL, GSIZE_TO_POINTER (flags_type), 0, 0, NULL, NULL
  };
  GType t;
  gchar *class_name;

  g_return_val_if_fail (G_TYPE_IS_FLAGS (flags_type), 0);

  class_name = g_strdup_printf ("%sSet", g_type_name (flags_type));

  t = g_type_register_static (GST_TYPE_FLAG_SET,
      g_intern_string (class_name), &info, 0);
  g_free (class_name);

  return t;
}

/**
 * gst_value_hash:
 * @value: a #GValue to hash
 * @res: (out): a location to store the hash value
 *
 * Compute a hash value of @value.
 * #GValue considered as equals by gst_value_compare() will have the same hash value.
 *
 * Returns: %TRUE, or %FALSE if @value cannot be hashed.
 *
 * Since: 1.28
 */
gboolean
gst_value_hash (const GValue * value, guint * res)
{
  GType type;
  GstValueTable *table;

  g_return_val_if_fail (res, FALSE);
  *res = 0;

  type = G_VALUE_TYPE (value);

  table = gst_value_hash_lookup_type (type);

  if (G_LIKELY (table && table->hash)) {
    if (type == GST_TYPE_LIST && gst_value_list_get_size (value) == 1) {
      /* { 1 } and 1 are considered as equals so hash the single element contained in the list */
      const GValue *v = gst_value_list_get_value (value, 0);
      return gst_value_hash (v, res);
    } else if (type == GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE || type == GST_TYPE_INT64_RANGE) {
      /* hash the list type as list and ranges of the same values are considered as equals */
      type = GST_TYPE_LIST;
    }
    guint hash;

    *res = g_int_hash ((gconstpointer) & type);
    if (!table->hash (value, &hash))
      return FALSE;
    *res ^= hash;
    return TRUE;
  } else {
    /* custom enums and flags are not registered through gst_value_register() and so don't have a table entry */
    if G_VALUE_HOLDS_ENUM
      (value) {
      return gst_value_hash_enum (value, res);
    } else if G_VALUE_HOLDS_FLAGS
      (value) {
      return gst_value_hash_gflags (value, res);
      }
  }

  return FALSE;
}
